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New aspects and strategies for methane mitigation from ruminants

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Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable animal production is compelling researchers to explore the potential approaches to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from livestock that are mainly produced by enteric fermentation. Some potential solutions, for instance, the use of chemical inhibitors to reduce methanogenesis, are not feasible in routine use due to their toxicity to ruminants, inhibition of efficient rumen function or other transitory effects. Strategies, such as use of plant secondary metabolites and dietary manipulations have emerged to reduce the methane emission, but these still require extensive research before these can be recommended and deployed in the livestock industry sector. Furthermore, immunization vaccines for methanogens and phages are also under investigation for mitigation of enteric methanogenesis. The increasing knowledge of methanogenic diversity in rumen, DNA sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have paved the way for chemogenomic strategies by targeting methane producers. Chemogenomics will help in finding target enzymes and proteins, which will further assist in the screening of natural as well chemical inhibitors. The construction of a methanogenic gene catalogue through these approaches is an attainable objective. This will lead to understand the microbiome function, its relation with the host and feeds, and therefore, will form the basis of practically viable and eco-friendly methane mitigation approaches, while improving the ruminant productivity.

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Acknowledgments

We thankfully acknowledge the DBT-CREST fellowship 2011–2012 that enabled Anil K. Puniya to visit Aberystwyth University (UK), which greatly helped in developing the manuscript in collaboration with overseas experts. We are also thankful to NICRA and VTCC ongoing network programmes at NDRI (ICAR), Karnal (India), for providing the necessary support for writing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India

    Sanjay Kumar, Prasanta Kumar Choudhury, Sumit Singh Dagar, Monica Puniya & Anil Kumar Puniya

  2. Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea

    Sanjay Kumar

  3. Departamento de Producción Animal, ETSI Agrónomos, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Maria Dolores Carro

  4. Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DD, UK

    Gareth Wyn Griffith & Sreenivas Rao Ravella

  5. Department of Animal Science and Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Napoli Federico II, via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Napoli, Italy

    Serena Calabro

  6. Department of Microbiology, Bhaskarcharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110075, India

    Tejpal Dhewa

  7. Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India

    Ramesh Chandra Upadhyay

  8. Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India

    Sunil Kumar Sirohi & Shivlal Singh Kundu

  9. Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Metha Wanapat

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  1. Sanjay Kumar
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Correspondence to Anil Kumar Puniya.

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Kumar, S., Choudhury, P.K., Carro, M.D. et al. New aspects and strategies for methane mitigation from ruminants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98, 31–44 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5365-0

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