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Determination of the swimming trajectory and speed of chain-forming dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides with digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry

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Abstract

The marine dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides is a harmful and highly motile algal species. To distinguish between the motility characteristics of solitary and chain-forming cells, the swimming trajectories and speeds of solitary cells and 2- to 8-cell chains of C. polykrikoides were measured using a digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique. C. polykrikoides cells exhibited helical swimming trajectories similar to other dinoflagellate species. The swimming speed increased as the number of cells in the chain increased, from an average of 391 μm s−1 (solitary cells) to 856 μm s−1 (8-cell chain). The helix radius R and pitch P also increased as the number of cells in the chain increased. R increased from 9.24 μm (solitary cell) to 20.3 μm (8-cell chain) and P increased from 107 μm (solitary cell) to 164 μm (8-cell chain). The free thrust-generating motion of the transverse flagella and large drag reduction in the chain-forming cells seemed to increase the swimming speed compared to solitary cells. The measured swimming speeds agreed with those from field observations. The superior motility of chain-forming C. polykrikoides cells may be an important factor for its bloom, in addition to the factors reported previously.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Creative Research Initiatives (Diagnosis of Biofluid Flow Phenomena and Biomimic Research) of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology/National Research Foundation of Korea. This research was also supported by the World Class University program through the MEST/NRF of Korea (R31-2008-000-10105-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

    Myong Hwan Sohn, Kyung Won Seo, Yong Seok Choi & Sang Joon Lee

  2. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea

    Young Sil Kang & Yang Soon Kang

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  1. Myong Hwan Sohn
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  2. Kyung Won Seo
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  3. Yong Seok Choi
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  4. Sang Joon Lee
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  5. Young Sil Kang
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Correspondence to Sang Joon Lee.

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Communicated by U. Sommer.

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Sohn, M.H., Seo, K.W., Choi, Y.S. et al. Determination of the swimming trajectory and speed of chain-forming dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides with digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry. Mar Biol 158, 561–570 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-010-1581-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-010-1581-7

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