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Marine biogeographic disjunction in central New Zealand

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Abstract

We present a phylogeographic analysis of an abundant New Zealand endemic sea-star, Patiriella regularis, to help pinpoint the location of an important biogeographic disjunction in central New Zealand. The analysis incorporates 284 mtDNA control region sequences (approximately 800 bp) of P. regularis from 22 coastal locations around New Zealand. We detected 132 haplotypes, with a mean divergence of 0.96%. AMOVA analysis of New Zealand samples is consistent with a north-south biogeographic disjunction across central New Zealand (among-group genetic variance=6.10%; P=0.0005). Cook Strait, the shallow marine strait separating the main islands, is not correlated with the disjunction: samples from northern South Island are genetically indistinguishable from North Island samples (variance=1.69%; P=0.073). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that upwelling zones south of Cook Strait constitute a significant barrier to larval dispersal.

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Acknowledgements

Smita Apte provided useful discussions on New Zealand’s marine biogeography. The manuscript was improved by comments from Mike Johnson and two anonymous reviewers. Funding for the study was provided by contract no. UOO-914 from the Marsden Fund administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand

    K. L. Ayers & J. M. Waters

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  1. K. L. Ayers
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  2. J. M. Waters
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Correspondence to J. M. Waters.

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Communicated by M.S. Johnson, Crawley

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Ayers, K.L., Waters, J.M. Marine biogeographic disjunction in central New Zealand. Marine Biology 147, 1045–1052 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1632-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1632-7

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