Abstract
Nanoparticles are important industrial materials. However, many nanoparticles show biological effects, including toxic activity. Metal ion release is the most important factor affecting the biological effects of nanoparticles. In addition, nanoparticles have large adsorption ability. The adsorption ability, in particular protein adsorption to nanoparticles, has an effect on cellular uptake and cellular metabolisms. Moreover, the adsorption ability of nanoparticles causes artificial effects in in vitro systems. Consequently, accurate determination of released or secreted proteins such as lactate dehydrogenase and cytokines adsorbed to nanoparticles is affected. In addition, artificial effects cause overestimation or underestimation of the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. Therefore, measurement of the protein adsorption of nanoparticles is important. Some methods for the determination of the adsorption to nanoparticles have been suggested. The flow field-flow fractionation method is one of the efficient techniques for determining proteins on the surface of nanoparticles. The cellular effects caused by nanoparticles should be carefully considered.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alarifi S, Ali D, Al Omar Y, Ahamed M, Siddiqui MA, Al-Khedhairy AA (2013) Oxidative stress contributes to cobalt oxide nanoparticles-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in human hepatocarcinoma cells. Int J Nanomed 8:17–23
Asuri P, Bale SS, Pangule RC, Shah DA, Kane RS, Dordick JS (2007) Structure, function, and stability of enzymes covalently attached to single-walled carbon nanotubes. Langmuir 23:12318–12321
Avram L, Cohen Y (2005) Diffusion measurements for molecular capsules: pulse sequences effect on water signal decay. J Am Chem Soc 127:5714–5719
Baier G, Costa C, Zeller A, Baumann D, Sayer C, Araujo PH, Mailänder V, Musyanovych A, Landfester K (2011) BSA adsorption on differently charged polystyrene nanoparticles using isothermal titration calorimetry and the influence on cellular uptake. Macromol Biosci 11:628–638
Borm PJ, Kreyling W (2004) Toxicological hazards of inhaled nanoparticles-potential implications for drug delivery. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 4:521–531
Casey A, Herzog E, Lyng FM, Byrne HJ, Chambers G, Davoren M (2008) Single walled carbon nanotubes induce indirect cytotoxicity by medium depletion in A549 lung cells. Toxicol Lett 179:78–84
Cedervall T, Lynch I, Foy M, Berggård T, Donnelly SC, Cagney G, Linse S, Dawson KA (2007a) Detailed identification of plasma proteins adsorbed on copolymer nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 46:5754–5756
Cedervall T, Lynch I, Lindman S, Berggård T, Thulin E, Nilsson H, Dawson KA, Linse S (2007b) Understanding the nanoparticle-protein corona using methods to quantify exchange rates and affinities of proteins for nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:2050–2055
Chen A, Shapriro MJ (1998) NOE pumping: a novel NMR technique for identification of compounds with binding affinity to macromolecules. J Am Chem Soc 120:10258–10259
Cronholm P, Karlsson HL, Hedberg J, Lowe TA, Winnberg L, Elihn K, Wallinder IO, Möller L (2013) Intracellular uptake and toxicity of Ag and CuO nanoparticles: a comparison between nanoparticles and their corresponding metal ions. Small. doi:10.1002/smll.201201069
Deguchi S, Yamazaki T, Mukai SA, Usami R, Horikoshi K (2007) Stabilization of C60 nanoparticles by protein adsorption and its implications for toxicity studies. Chem Res Toxicol 20:854–858
Dutta D, Sundaram SK, Teeguarden JG, Riley BJ, Fifield LS, Jacobs JM, Addleman SR, Kaysen GA, Moudgil BM, Weber TJ (2007) Adsorbed proteins influence the biological activity and molecular targeting of nanomaterials. Toxicol Sci 100:303–315
Eom HJ, Choi J (2009) Oxidative stress of CeO2 nanoparticles via p38-Nrf-2 signaling pathway in human bronchial epithelial cell, Beas-2B. Toxicol Lett 187:77–83
Fröhlich E (2012) The role of surface charge in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of medical nanoparticles. Int J Nanomed 7:5577–5591
Fukui H, Horie M, Endoh S, Kato H, Fujita K, Nishio K, Komaba LK, Maru J, Miyauhi A, Nakamura A, Kinugasa S, Yoshida Y, Hagihara Y, Iwahashi H (2012) Association of zinc ion release and oxidative stress induced by intratracheal instillation of ZnO nanoparticles to rat lung. Chem Biol Interact 198:29–37
Gojova A, Guo B, Kota RS, Rutledge JC, Kennedy IM, Barakat AI (2007) Induction of inflammation in vascular endothelial cells by metal oxide nanoparticles: effect of particle composition. Environ Health Perspect 115:403–409
Heng BC, Zhao X, Tan EC, Khamis N, Assodani A, Xiong S, Ruedl C, Ng KW, Loo JS (2011) Evaluation of the cytotoxic and inflammatory potential of differentially shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 85:1517–1528
Hirano A, Uda K, Maeda Y, Akasaka T, Shiraki K (2010) One-dimensional protein-based nanoparticles induce lipid bilayer disruption: carbon nanotube conjugates and amyloid fibrils. Langmuir 26:17256–17259
Hirsch V, Kinnear C, Moniatte M, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Clift MJ, Fink A (2013) Surface charge of polymer coated SPIONs influences the serum protein adsorption, colloidal stability and subsequent cell interaction in vitro. Nanoscale. doi:10.1039/C2NR33134A
Horie M, Nishio K, Fujita K, Endoh S, Miyauchi A, Saito Y, Iwahashi H, Yamamoto K, Murayama H, Nakano H, Nanashima N, Niki E, Yoshida Y (2009a) Protein adsorption of ultrafine metal oxide and its influence on cytotoxicity toward cultured cells. Chem Res Toxicol 22:543–553
Horie M, Nishio K, Fujita K, Kato H, Nakamura A, Kinugasa S, Endoh S, Miyauchi A, Yamamoto K, Murayama H, Niki E, Iwahashi H, Yoshida Y, Nakanishi J (2009b) Ultrafine NiO particles induce cytotoxicity in vitro by cellular uptake and subsequent Ni(II) release. Chem Res Toxicol 222:1415–1426
Horie M, Nishio K, Fujita K, Kato H, Endoh S, Suzuki M, Nakamura A, Miyauchi A, Kinugasa S, Yamamoto K, Iwahashi H, Murayama H, Niki E, Yoshida Y (2010) Cellular responses by stable and uniform ultrafine titanium dioxide particles in culture-medium dispersions when secondary particle size was 100 nm or less. Toxicol In Vitro 24:1629–1638
Horie M, Fukui H, Nishio K, Endoh S, Kato H, Fujita K, Miyauchi A, Nakamura A, Shichiri M, Ishida N, Kinugasa S, Morimoto Y, Niki E, Yoshida Y, Iwahashi H (2011a) Evaluation of acute oxidative stress induced by NiO nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro. J Occup Health 53:64–74
Horie M, Nishio K, Kato H, Fujita K, Endoh S, Nakamura A, Miyauchi A, Kinugasa S, Yamamoto K, Niki E, Yoshida Y, Hagihara Y, Iwahashi H (2011b) Cellular responses induced by cerium oxide nanoparticles: induction of intracellular calcium level and oxidative stress on culture cells. J Biochem 150:461–471
Horie M, Fujita K, Kato H, Endoh S, Nishio K, Komaba LK, Nakamura A, Miyauchi A, Kinugasa S, Hagihara Y, Niki E, Yoshida Y, Iwahashi H (2012a) Association of the physical and chemical properties and the cytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles: metal ion release, adsorption ability and specific surface area. Metallomics 4:350–360
Horie M, Kato H, Fujita K, Endoh S, Iwahashi H (2012b) In vitro evaluation of cellular response induced by manufactured nanoparticles. Chem Res Toxicol 25:605–619
Horie M, Komaba LK, Kato H, Nakamura A, Yamamoto K, Endoh S, Fujita K, Kinugasa S, Mizuno K, Hagihara Y, Yoshida Y, Iwahashi H (2012c) Evaluation of cellular influences induced by stable nanodiamond dispersion; the cellular influences of nanodiamond are small. Diam Relat Mater 24:15–24
Horie M, Nishio K, Endoh S, Kato H, Fujita K, Miyauchi A, Nakamura A, Kinugasa S, Yamamoto K, Niki E, Yoshida Y, Iwahashi H (2013a) Chromium(III) oxide nanoparticles induced remarkable oxidative stress and apoptosis on culture cells. Environ Toxicol 28:61–75
Horie M, Stowe M, Tabei M, Kato H, Nakamura A, Endoh S, Morimoto Y, Fujita K (2013b) Dispersant affects the cellular influences of single-wall carbon nanotube: the role of CNT as carrier of dispersants. Toxicol Mech Methods. doi:10.3109/15376516.2012.755595
Jia G, Wang H, Yan L, Wang X, Pei R, Yan T, Zhao Y, Guo X (2005) Cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials: single-wall nanotube, multi-wall nanotube, and fullerene. Environ Sci Technol 39:1378–1383
Karlsson HL, Cronholm P, Gustafsson J, Möller L (2008) Copper oxide nanoparticles are highly toxic: a comparison between metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. Chem Res Toxicol 21:1726–1732
Kato H, Takahashi K, Saito T, Kinugasa S (2008) Characterization of nanoparticles in an aqueous solution with bound water molecules using pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Chem Lett 37:1128–1129
Kato H, Mizuno K, Shimada M, Nakamura A, Takahashi K, Hata K, Kinugasa S (2009a) Observations of bound Tween80 surfactant molecules on single-walled carbon nanotubes in an aqueous solution. Carbon 47:3434–3440
Kato H, Nakamura A, Takahashi K, Kinugasa S (2009b) Size effect on UV–Vis absorption properties of colloidal C(60) particles in water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 11:4946–4948
Kato H, Fujita K, Horie M, Suzuki M, Nakamura A, Endoh S, Yoshida Y, Iwahashi H, Takahashi K, Kinugasa S (2010a) Dispersion characteristics of various metal oxide secondary nanoparticles in culture medium for in vitro toxicology assessment. Toxicol In Vitro 24:1009–1018
Kato H, Shinohara N, Nakamura A, Horie M, Fujita K, Takahashi K, Iwahashi H, Endoh S, Kinugasa S (2010b) Characterization of fullerene colloidal suspension in a cell culture medium for in vitro toxicity assessment. Mol BioSyst 6:1238–1246
Kato H, Nakamura A, Horie M, Endoh S, Fujita K, Iwahashi H, Kinugasa S (2011) Preparation and characterization of stable dispersions of carbon black and nanodiamond in culture medium for in vitro toxicity assessment. Carbon 49:3989–3997
Kermanizadeh A, Pojana G, Gaiser BK, Birkedal R, Bilaničová D, Wallin H, Jensen KA, Sellergren B, Hutchison GR, Marcomini A, Stone V (2012) In vitro assessment of engineered nanomaterials using a hepatocyte cell line: cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokines and functional markers. Nanotoxicology. doi:10.3109/17435390.2011.653416
Klinger A, Steinberg D, Kohavi D, Sela MN (1997) Mechanism of adsorption of human albumin to titanium in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res 36:387–392
Kroll A, Pillukat MH, Hahn D, Schnekenburger J (2012) Interference of engineered nanoparticles with in vitro toxicity assays. Arch Toxicol 86:1123–1136
Lesniak A, Fenaroli F, Monopoli MP, Åberg C, Dawson KA, Salvati A (2012) Effects of the presence or absence of a protein corona on silica nanoparticle uptake and impact on cells. ACS Nano 6:5845–5857
Lesniak A, Salvati A, Santos-Martinez MJ, Radomski MW, Dawson KA, Aberg C (2013) Nanoparticle adhesion to the cell membrane and its effect on nanoparticle uptake efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 135:1438–1444
Lin W, Huang YW, Zhou XD, Ma Y (2006) Toxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles in human lung cancer cells. Int J Toxicol 25:451–457
Lindman S, Lynch I, Thulin E, Nilsson H, Dawson KA, Linse S (2007) Systematic investigation of the thermodynamics of HSA adsorption to N-iso-propylacrylamide/N-tert-butylacrylamide copolymer nanoparticles. Effects of particle size and hydrophobicity. Nano Lett 7:914–920
Lundqvist M, Stigler J, Cedervall T, Berggård T, Flanagan MB, Lynch I, Elia G, Dawson K (2011) The evolution of the protein corona around nanoparticles: a test study. ACS Nano 5:7503–7509
Matsuura K, Saito T, Okazaki T, Ohshima S, Yumura M, Iijima S (2006) Selectivity of water-soluble proteins in single-walled carbon nanotube dispersions. Chem Phys Lett 429:497–502
Monteiro-Riviere NA, Inman AO, Zhang LW (2009) Limitations and relative utility of screening assays to assess engineered nanoparticle toxicity in a human cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 234:222–235
Morishige T, Yoshioka Y, Tanabe A, Yao X, Tsunoda S, Tsutsumi Y, Mukai Y, Okada N, Nakagawa S (2010) Titanium dioxide induces different levels of IL-1beta production dependent on its particle characteristics through caspase-1 activation mediated by reactive oxygen species and cathepsin B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 392:160–165
Norde W, Giacomelli CE (2000) BSA structural changes during homomolecular exchange between the adsorbed and the dissolved states. J Biotechnol 79:259–268
Pagliari F, Mandoli C, Forte G, Magnani E, Pagliari S, Nardone G, Licoccia S, Minieri M, Di Nardo P, Traversa E (2012) Cerium oxide nanoparticles protect cardiac progenitor cells from oxidative stress. ACS Nano 6:3767–3775
Park EJ, Park K (2009) Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses induced by silica nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Lett 184:18–25
Park EJ, Yi J, Chung KH, Ryu DY, Choi J, Park K (2008) Oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cultured BEAS-2B cells. Toxicol Lett 180:222–229
Patil S, Sandberg A, Heckert E, Self W, Seal S (2007) Protein adsorption and cellular uptake of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a function of zeta potential. Biomaterials 28:4600–4607
Rahman Q, Lohani M, Dopp E, Pemsel H, Jonas L, Weiss DG, Schiffmann D (2002) Evidence that ultrafine titanium dioxide induces micronuclei and apoptosis in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts. Environ Health Perspect 110:797–800
Sabatino P, Casella L, Granata A, Iafisco M, Lesci IG, Monzani E, Roveri N (2007) Synthetic chrysotile nanocrystals as a reference standard to investigate surface-induced serum albumin structural modifications. J Colloid Interface Sci 314:389–397
Schimpf M, Caldwell K, Giddings JC (2000) Field-flow fractionation handbook. Wiley, Hoboken
Schubert D, Dargusch R, Raitano J, Chan SW (2006) Cerium and yttrium oxide nanoparticles are neuroprotective. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 342:86–91
Seki H, Sei Y, Shikii K, Shimotakahara S, Utsumi H, Yamaguchi K, Tashiro M (2004) Application of difference NOE-pumping NMR technique and cold-spray ionization mass spectrometry to identify a ligand binding with a protein receptor. Anal Sci 20:1467–1470
Selim ME, Hendi AA (2012) Gold nanoparticles induce apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 13:1617–1620
Shen XC, Liou XY, Ye LP, Liang H, Wang ZY (2007) Spectroscopic studies on the interaction between human hemoglobin and CdS quantum dots. J Colloid Interface Sci 311:400–406
Srivastava R, Rahman Q, Kashyap M, Singh A, Jain G, Jahan S, Lohani M, Lantow M, Pant A (2013) Nano-titanium dioxide induces genotoxicity and apoptosis in human lung cancer cell line, A549. Hum Exp Toxicol 32:153–166
Suresh AK, Pelletier DA, Wang W, Morrell-Falvey JL, Gu B, Doktycz MJ (2012) Cytotoxicity induced by engineered silver nanocrystallites is dependent on surface coatings and cell types. Langmuir 28:2727–2735
Tedja R, Lim M, Amal R, Marquis C (2012) Effects of serum adsorption on cellular uptake profile and consequent impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on human lung cell lines. ACS Nano 6:4083–4093
Toduka Y, Toyooka T, Ibuki Y (2012) Flow cytometric evaluation of nanoparticles using side-scattered light and reactive oxygen species-mediated fluorescence-correlation with genotoxicity. Environ Sci Technol 46:7629–7636
Tsou TC, Yeh SC, Tsai FY, Lin HJ, Cheng TJ, Chao HR, Tai LA (2010) Zinc oxide particles induce inflammatory responses in vascular endothelial cells via NF-κB signaling. J Hazard Mater 183:182–188
Veranth JM, Kaser EG, Veranth MM, Koch M, Yost GS (2007) Cytokine responses of human lung cells (BEAS-2B) treated with micron-sized and nanoparticles of metal oxides compared to soil dusts. Part Fibre Toxicol 4:2
Wassell DT, Embery G (1996) Adsorption of bovine serum albumin on to titanium powder. Biomaterials 17:859–864
Xia T, Kovochich M, Liong M, Mädler L, Gilbert B, Shi H, Yeh JI, Zink JI, Nel AE (2008) Comparison of the mechanism of toxicity of zinc oxide and cerium oxide nanoparticles based on dissolution and oxidative stress properties. ACS Nano 2:2121–2134
Zaqout MS, Sumizawa T, Igisu H, Wilson D, Myojo T, Ueno S (2012) Binding of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to lactate dehydrogenase. Environ Health Prev Med 17:341–345
Zhu X, Zhou J, Cai Z (2011) TiO2 nanoparticles in the marine environment: impact on the toxicity of tributyltin to abalone (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta) embryos. Environ Sci Technol 45:3753–3758
Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Kazuhiro Yamamoto of Research Institute of Instrumentation Frontier, AIST, for kindly supplying the images of TEM observations.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Horie, M., Kato, H. & Iwahashi, H. Cellular effects of manufactured nanoparticles: effect of adsorption ability of nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 87, 771–781 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-013-1033-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-013-1033-5