Abstract.
The presence of γ-butyrolactone autoregulators and their receptor proteins were investigated in five representative strains of non-Streptomyces actinomycetes producing commercially important secondary metabolites. Ethyl acetate extracts of culture were assayed using wild-type S. virginiae for virginiae butanolide, S. lavendulae FRI-5 for IM-2, and S. griseus HH1 for A-factor. Actinoplanes teichomyceticus and Amycolatopsis mediterranei were shown to produce autoregulators. Corresponding autoregulator-binding activities were found in the crude cell-free lysates of these strains, using the binding assay with tritium-labeled autoregulator analogues as ligands, which suggests that non-Streptomyces actinomycetes might have autoregulator-dependent signaling cascades.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00203-003-0591-y/MediaObjects/s00203-003-0591-yflb1.gif)
References
Eritt I, Gräfe U, Fleck WF (1984) Inducers of both cytodifferentiation and anthracycline biosynthesis of Streptomyces griseus and their occurrence in actinomycetes and other microorganisms. Z Allg Mikrobiol 24:3–12
Gräfe U, Schade W, Eritt I, Fleck WF, Radics L (1982) A new inducer of anthracycline biosynthesis from Streptomyces viridochromogenes. J Antibiot 35:1722–1723
Gräfe U, Reinhardt G, Schade W, Eritt I, Fleck WF, Radics L (1983) Interspecific inducers of cytodifferentiation and anthracycline biosynthesis from Streptomyces bikiniensis and S. cyaneofuscatus. Biotechnol Lett 5:591–596
Hara O, Beppu T (1982) Mutants blocked in streptomycin production in Streptomyces griseus—the role of A-factor. J Antibiot 35:349–358
Hashimoto K, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1992) Distribution of virginiae butanolides and IM-2 in the genus Streptomyces. J Ferment Bioeng 73:61–65
Jin ZH, Wang MR, Cen PL (2002) Production of teicoplanin by valine analogue-resistant mutant strains of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 58:63–66
Kawabuchi M, Hara Y, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1997) Production of butyrolactone autoregulators by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). FEMS Microbiol Lett 157:81–85
Kim HS, Nihira T, Tada H, Yanagimoto M, Yamada Y (1989) Identification of binding protein of virginiae butanolide C, an autoregulator in virginiamycin production, from Streptomyces virginiae. J Antibiot 42:796–778
Kim HS, Tada H, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1990) Purification and characterization of virginiae butanolide C-binding protein, a possible pleiotropic signal-transducer in Streptomyces virginiae. J Antibiot 43:692–706
Kitani S, Yamada Y, Nihira T (2001) Gene replacement analysis of the butyrolactone autoregulator receptor (FarA) reveals that FarA acts as a novel regulator in secondary metabolism of Streptomyces lavendulae FRI-5. J Bacteriol 183:4357–4363
Kondo K, Higuchi Y, Sakuda S, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1989) New virginiae butanolide from Streptomyces virginiae. J Antibiot 42:1873–1876
Miyake K, Kuzuyama T, Horinouchi S, Beppu T (1990) The A-factor-binding protein of Streptomyces griseus negatively controls streptomycin production and sporulation. J Bacteriol 172:3003–3008
Mizuno K, Sakuda S, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1994) Enzymatic resolution of 2-acyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolide and preparation of optically active IM-2, the autoregulator from Streptomyces sp. FRI-5. Tetrahedron 50:10849–10858
Mori K (1983) Revision of the absolute configuration of A-factor. Tetrahedron 39:3107–3109
Nihira T, Shimizu Y, Kim HS, Yamada Y (1988) Structure–activity relationships of virginiae butanolide C, an inducer of virginiamycin production in Streptomyces virginiae. J Antibiot 41:1828–1837
Ohashi H, Zheng YH, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1989) Distribution of virginiae butanolides in antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes, and identification of the inducing factor from Streptomyces antibioticus as virginiae butanolide A. J Antibiot 42:1191–1195
Okamoto S, Nihira T, Kataoka H, Suzuki A, Yamada Y (1992) Purification and molecular cloning of a butyrolactone autoregulator receptor from Streptomyces virginiae. J Biol Chem 267:1093–1098
Okamoto S, Nakamura K, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1995) Virginiae butanolide binding protein from Streptomyces virginiae. J Biol Chem 270:12319–12326
Onaka H, Ando N, Nihira T, Yamada Y, Beppu T, Horinouchi S (1995) Cloning and characterization of the A-factor receptor gene from Streptomyces griseus. J Bacteriol 177:6083–6092
Puttikhunt C, Okamoto S, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1991) Distribution of virginiae-butanolide receptor gene homologues in Streptomyces sp. Annu Rep ICCR Biotechnol 14:247–258
Ruengjitchatchawalya M, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1995) Purification and characterization of the IM-2-binding protein from Streptomyces sp. Strain FRI-5. J Bacteriol 177:551–557
Sakuda S, Yamada Y (1991) Stereochemistry of butyrolactone autoregulators from Streptomyces. Tetrahedron Lett 32:1817–1820
Sato K, Nihira T, Sakuda S, Yanagimoto M, Yamada Y (1989) Isolation and structure of a new butyrolactone autoregulator from Streptomyces sp. FRI-5. J Ferment Bioeng 68:170–173
Takano E, Nihira T, Hara Y, Jones JJ, Gershater CJL, Yamada Y, Bibb M (2000) Purification and structural determination of SCB1, a γ-butyrolactone that elicits antibiotic production in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). J Biol Chem 275:11010–11016
Takano E, Chakraburtty R, Nihira T, Yamada Y, Bibb M (2001) A complex role for the γ-butyrolactone SCB1 in regulating antibiotic production in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Mol Microbiol 41:1015–1028
Waki M, Nihira T, Yamada Y (1997) Cloning and Characterization of the gene (farA) encoding the receptor for an extracellular regulatory factor (IM-2) from Streptomyces sp. Strain FRI-5. J Bacteriol 179:5131–5137
Yamada Y, Sugamura K, Kondo K, Yanagimoto M, Okada H (1987) The structure of inducing factors for virginiamycin production in Streptomyces virginiae. J Antibiot 40:496–504
Acknowledgements
This work was supported in part by grant from the Korea Research Foundation (KRF-2002-042-C00086).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choi, SU., Lee, CK., Hwang, YI. et al. γ-Butyrolactone autoregulators and receptor proteins in non-Streptomyces actinomycetes producing commercially important secondary metabolites. Arch Microbiol 180, 303–307 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-003-0591-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-003-0591-y