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Hüftarthroskopie – Indikationen und Grenzen

Hip arthroscopy – indications and limits

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Zusammenfassung

Durch Verbesserung und stetige Weiterentwicklung der Technik hat sich die Hüftarthroskopie innerhalb der letzten 10 Jahre zu einem orthopädischen Standardverfahren entwickelt. Das Indikationsspektrum hat sich deutlich erweitert. Zu den Hauptindikationen zählen krankhafte Veränderungen der Synovialmembran, Schäden des Labrum acetabulare, Läsionen des Ligamentum capitis femoris, freie Gelenkkörper, degenerative und traumatische Knorpelläsionen sowie insbesondere Störungen der Gelenkmechanik verursacht durch das femoroazetabuläre Impingement. Zunehmend ermöglichen endoskopische Verfahren auch die Therapie periartikulärer Erkrankungen. Die schwierigen anatomischen Verhältnisse mit einer großen Distanz zum Gelenkkavum und die problematische Visualisierung des dorsomedialen Gelenkbereichs limitieren die Arthroskopie des Hüftgelenks. Dies gilt auch für die Tatsache, dass der Zeitraum für die Gelenkdistraktion und damit die im zentralen Hüftkompartiment zur Verfügung stehende Operationszeit bei Verwendung eines Traktionstisches begrenzt ist.

Abstract

Through continuous improvement and advancement of technology over the last 10 years, hip arthroscopy has developed into a standard orthopedic procedure and this has greatly expanded the range of indications. The main indications for hip arthroscopy include any disorder of the synovial membrane, damage to the labrum acetabulare, lesions of the ligament of the head of the femur, loose bodies, degenerative and traumatic cartilage lesions and especially disorders of the joint mechanism caused by femoroacetabular impingement. Increasingly, endoscopic procedures additionally allow the treatment of periarticular pathologies. Hip arthroscopy is limited in particular due to the difficult anatomy, a large distance from the skin to joint cavity and the problematic visualization of the posteromedial joint area. Furthermore, a time-limited distraction of the joint must be considered in the choice of therapy.

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Steimer, O., Kusma, M. & Grün, U. Hüftarthroskopie – Indikationen und Grenzen. Orthopäde 40, 1054–1060 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-011-1847-x

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