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Neuraltherapie in der Gynäkologie

Evidenz und Perspektiven der Therapie mit Lokalanästhetika

Neural therapy in gynecology

Evidence and perspectives of therapy with local anesthetics

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Die Geschichte der Neuraltherapie (NT), der therapeutischen Anwendung von Lokalanästhetika (LA), reicht bis in die erste Zeit der Entdeckung der LA. Sie findet bis heute eine weite Verbreitung als pragmatischer Zugang für viele banale Beschwerden. Über die „alternativen“ molekularen Wirkungen der LA ist viel bekannt: Perfusionssteigerung, Antiinflammation („Gq-protein receptor“), Antithrombose, DNA-Demethylierung u. a. können die Wirkung gut erklären; doch es gibt nur wenige kontrollierte klinische Studien. Die Anwendung der NT kann in 5 mögliche Zugänge gegliedert werden: lokale, segmentale, regionale und systemische Techniken sowie Injektionen an sog. Störfeldern sowie in 5 Indikationsbereiche: chronische Schmerzen, chronische Entzündungen ohne mikrobiologischen Befund, funktionelle/vegetative Beschwerden und Durchblutungsstörungen (Mikroangiopathien). Kontraindikationen und reversible Nebenwirkungen werden dargestellt, schwere Nebenwirkungen sind selten. In der Gynäkologie kann die NT u. a. eingesetzt werden bei Vulvodynie, chronischer Zystitis und Kolpitis, Dysmenorrhö, unklaren Unterbauchbeschwerden, zyklischen Beschwerden, perioperativen Schmerzen, klimakterischen Beschwerden. Lehre, Aus- und Weiterbildung in NT findet in Deutschland an den Universitäten Essen und Heidelberg und in Kursen der beiden Neuraltherapie-Gesellschaften statt. Ein Fallbeispiel zu einer chronischen Zystitis/Kolpitis und ein Fazit für die frauenärztliche Praxis runden die Darstellung ab.

Abstract

The history of the therapeutic use of local anesthetics (LA), also known as neural therapy (NT), began with the discovery of this substance group in the 1880s by S. Freud and C. Koller and is widely used in many countries as a pragmatic approach to trivial complaints. In gynecology the first known usage of NT began in the 1950s in Münster/Westfalia. There is a considerable body of knowledge on the “alternative” molecular mechanisms of LAs, e.g., induction of perfusion, anti-inflammation (Gq protein receptor), antithrombotic and DNA demethylation effects; however, there are only few clinical controlled studies. There are five different modes of application of LAs: local, segmental, regional and systemic, as well as injections to the so-called stoerfeld or disturbance field, which is an asymptomatic remote region with an adverse influence on a distant symptom. Based on the long-term molecular effects five groups of indications can be identified: chronic pain, chronic inflammation without microbiological findings, functional disorders, vegetative disorders and microangiopathy. The most common contraindications to NT are anticoagulation and needle phobia. Adverse effects are rare and reversible in most of the cases. Orthostatic hypotension is a frequent minor adverse effect. The main indications in gynecology are: vulvodynia, chronic cystitis, chronic vaginitis, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, menstruation-associated cephalgia and sacralgia, perioperative pain, menopausal symptoms, and other functional disorders. Education in Germany is provided by universities (e.g. Essen and Heidelberg) and private NT societies. This article is complemented by a case report on chronic cystitis/vaginitis. A summary reviews the recommendations for the clinical adoption of NT in routine hospital and practice settings.

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Danksagung

Der Autor dankt den folgenden Mitgliedern der Arbeitsgruppe Neuraltherapie der Universität Heidelberg (The HUNTER group) für Anregungen und die kritische Durchsicht des Manuskripts: Dr. Cornelia von Hagens, Prof. Thomas Strowitzki und Dr. Kerstin Brocker.

Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. S. Weinschenk gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Weinschenk, S. Neuraltherapie in der Gynäkologie. Gynäkologe 48, 20–27 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-014-3427-8

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