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Geological and isotopic evidence for magmatic-hydrothermal origin of the Ag–Pb–Zn deposits in the Lengshuikeng District, east-central China

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Abstract

The Lengshuikeng ore district in east-central China has an ore reserve of ∼43 Mt with an average grade of 204.53 g/t Ag and 4.63 % Pb + Zn. Based on contrasting geological characteristics, the mineralization in the Lengshuikeng ore district can be divided into porphyry-hosted and stratabound types. The porphyry-hosted mineralization is distributed in and around the Lengshuikeng granite porphyry and shows a distinct alteration zoning including minor chloritization and sericitization in the proximal zone; sericitization, silicification, and carbonatization in the peripheral zone; and sericitization and carbonatization in the distal zone. The stratabound mineralization occurs in volcano-sedimentary rocks at ∼100–400 m depth without obvious zoning of alterations and ore minerals. Porphyry-hosted and stratabound mineralization are both characterized by early-stage pyrite–chalcopyrite–sphalerite, middle-stage acanthite–native silver–galena–sphalerite, and late-stage pyrite–quartz–calcite. The δ34S values of pyrite, sphalerite, and galena in the ores range from −3.8 to +6.9‰ with an average of +2.0‰. The C–O isotope values of siderite, calcite, and dolomite range from −7.2 to −1.5‰ with an average of −4.4‰ (V-PDB) and from +10.9 to +19.5‰ with an average of +14.8‰ (V-SMOW), respectively. Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon isotopes indicate that the hydrothermal fluids were derived mainly from meteoric water, with addition of minor amounts of magmatic water. Geochronology employing LA–ICP–MS analyses of zircons from a quartz syenite porphyry yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 136.3 ± 0.8 Ma considered as the emplacement age of the porphyry. Rb–Sr dating of sphalerite from the main ore stage yielded an age of 126.9 ± 7.1 Ma, marking the time of mineralization. The Lengshuikeng mineralization classifies as an epithermal Ag–Pb–Zn deposit.

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Acknowledgments

This research is jointly supported by China Bureau of Geological Survey project (Nos. 1212011085472, 1212010533105, 1212010981048), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2652013034), and the 111 Project (No. B07011). This study also contributes to the 1000 Talents Award to M. Santosh from the Chinese Government. We thank Emmanuel John M. Carranza (James Cook University, Australia) and Gregory A. Davis (University of Southern California, USA) for their valuable time, suggestions, and comments to improve the various versions of the manuscript. We thank Paul Duuring, University of Western Australia, Australia, and Huayong Chen, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, China, for their critical reviews and constructive comments. The authors also thank Drs. Georges Beaudoin, Patrick Williams, Rolf Romer, and Thomas Bissig for their great contributions to this paper.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Changming Wang, Da Zhang, Ganguo Wu, M. Santosh, Jing Zhang, Yigan Xu & Yaoyao Zhang

  2. No. 912 Geological Surveying Team, Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Yingtan, 334000, China

    Yigan Xu

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  7. Yaoyao Zhang
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Correspondence to Changming Wang.

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Editorial handling: T. Bissig and G. Beaudoin

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Wang, C., Zhang, D., Wu, G. et al. Geological and isotopic evidence for magmatic-hydrothermal origin of the Ag–Pb–Zn deposits in the Lengshuikeng District, east-central China. Miner Deposita 49, 733–749 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-014-0521-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-014-0521-8

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