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Infection processes of xylem-colonizing pathogenic bacteria: possible explanations for the scarcity of qualitative disease resistance genes against them in crops

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Disease resistance against xylem-colonizing pathogenic bacteria in crops.

Abstract

Plant pathogenic bacteria cause destructive diseases in many commercially important crops. Among these bacteria, eight pathogens, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. campestris pv. campestris, Erwinia amylovora, Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, and Xylella fastidiosa, infect their host plants through different infection sites and paths and eventually colonize the xylem tissues of their host plants, resulting in wilting symptoms by blocking water flow or necrosis of xylem tissues. Noticeably, only a relatively small number of resistant cultivars in major crops against these vascular bacterial pathogens except X. oryzae pv. oryzae have been found or generated so far, although these pathogens threaten productivity of major crops. In this review, we summarize the lifestyles of major xylem-colonizing bacterial pathogens and then discuss the progress of current research on disease resistance controlled by qualitative disease resistance genes or quantitative trait loci against them. Finally, we propose infection processes of xylem-colonizing bacterial pathogens as one of possible reasons for why so few qualitative disease resistance genes against these pathogens have been developed or identified so far in crops.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Golden Seed Project (Center for Horticultural Seed Development, No. 213003-04-2-SBG20), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF), Rural Development Administration (RDA), and Korea Forest Service (KFS) and also by “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (Project No. PJ009762),” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea, to CSO.

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    1. Department of Horticultural Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Korea

      Chungyun Bae, Yu-Rim Song, Bo-Young Kim, Hyung-Jin Lee & Chang-Sik Oh

    2. Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, Korea

      Sang Wook Han

    3. Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Korea

      Je-Min Lee

    4. Horticulture and Breeding Major, School of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, Korea

      Inhwa Yeam

    5. Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-707, Korea

      Sunggi Heu

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    Communicated by R. K. Varshney.

    C. Bae and S. W. Han equally contributed to this work.

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    Bae, C., Han, S.W., Song, YR. et al. Infection processes of xylem-colonizing pathogenic bacteria: possible explanations for the scarcity of qualitative disease resistance genes against them in crops. Theor Appl Genet 128, 1219–1229 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-015-2521-1

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