Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of geometric and mechanical parameters on stress states caused by threaded rods glued in wood

Einfluss geometrischer und mechanischer Parameter auf den Spannungsverlauf bei in Holz eingeklebten Gewindestangen

  • Originals Originalarbeiten
  • Published:
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the construction and rehabilitation of wooden structures, timber connections are often made using glued rods. To guarantee that these connections provide adequate resistance, it is necessary to analyse the characteristics of the connections that affect their load capacity and ductility. To address this issue, the mixed strategy of developing a broad experimental program was adopted while simultaneously performing numerical analysis of models. In this paper, the finite element method is used to study the impact of several design parameters on stress transfer between materials. This approach has facilitated design strategies that improve the effectiveness of these connections.

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Errichtung und der Sanierung von Holzkonstruktionen werden häufig eingeklebte Gewindestangen als Holzverbindungen verwendet. Um sicherzustellen, dass diese Verbindungen hinreichend zuverlässig sind, ist es notwendig, die Ursachen, die ihre Tragfähigkeit und Duktilität beeinträchtigen können, zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden ein breitangelegtes Versuchsprogramm und gleichzeitig eine numerische Modellierung durchgeführt. In dieser Studie wurde die Finite-Elemente-Methode verwendet, um den Einfluss verschiedener konstruktiver Parameter auf den Spannungsverlauf am Übergang der Materialien zu untersuchen. Dieser Ansatz hat die Entwicklung von Bemessungsstrategien, mit denen die Leistungsfähigkeit solcher Verbindungen verbessert werden kann, ermöglicht.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1 Abb. 1
Fig. 2 Abb. 2
Fig. 3 Abb. 3
Fig. 4 Abb. 4
Fig. 5 Abb. 5
Fig. 6 Abb. 6
Fig. 7 Abb. 7
Fig. 8 Abb. 8
Fig. 9 Abb. 9
Fig. 10 Abb. 10
Fig. 11 Abb. 11
Fig. 12 Abb. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aicher S, Hofflin L, Wolf M (1998) Influence of specimen geometry on stress distributions in pull-out tests of glued-in steel rods in wood. Otto Graf J 9:205–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Bainbridge R, Mettem C, Harvey K, Ansell M (2002) Bonded-in rod connections for timber structures. Development of design methods and test observations. Int J Adhes Adhes 22:47–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Broughton JG, Hutchinson AR (2001) Pull-out behaviour of steel rods bonded into timber. Mater Struct 34(2):100–109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan AH, Deng XJ (1996) Strength of epoxied steel rods in glulam timber. In: Proceeding of the International Wood Engineering Conference, New Orleans, pp 488–495

  • EN 338 (2009) Structural timber. Strength classes. CEN European Committee for Standardization

  • Estévez J, Otero D, Martín E, Vázquez JA (2012) New anchoring system with adhesive bulbs for steel rod joints in wood. Constr Build Mater 30:583–589

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guitard D (1987) Mechanics of wood and composite materials (in French). Cepadues Edition, Toulouse

  • Gustafsson PJ, Serrano E, Aicher S, Johansson CJ (2001) A strength design equation for glued-in rods. In: Proceeding of the International RILEM Symposium, Stuttgart, Germany

  • Johansson CJ, Serrano E, Gustafsson PJ, Enquist B (1995) Axial strength of glued-in volts. Calculation model based on non-linear fracture mechanics. A preliminary study. In: International Council for Building Research Studies and Documentation, Working Commission W18—Timber Structures. Meeting 28, Copenhagen, Denmark

  • Kurian A (2000) Analytical modeling of glued laminated girder bridges using Ansys. In: 2000 Transportation Scholars Conference, Ames, pp 54–64

  • Martín E, Estévez J, Otero D, Muñiz S (2006) Timber specimens parametrized design for numerical analysis. In: Proceeding of the International Conference on high performance structures and materials III, Ostende, pp 571–580

  • Martín E, Estévez J, Otero D, Vázquez JA (2010a) Generation of numerical analysis models for the optimization of anchorage solutions with threaded bars glued in timber. In: Proceeding of the World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2010), Riva del Garda, Italy

  • Martín E, Estévez J, Otero D, Vázquez JA (2010b) Numerical analysis of metal joints glued in timber pieces. In: Proceeding of the First International Conference on Structures and Architecture (ICSA 2010), Guimaraes, Portugal

  • Otero D, Estévez J, Martín E (2008) Glued joints in hardwood timber. Int J Adhes Adhes 28:457–463. doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2008.04.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otero D, Estévez J, Martín E (2009) Influence of the geometric and material characteristics on the strength of glued joints made in chestnut timber. Mater Des 30:1325–1332. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2008.06.041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otero D, Estévez J, Martín E (2010a) Experimental analysis of bonding in steel bars glued into chestnut and tali timber (in Spanish). Materiales de Construcción 60((297)):111–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otero D, Estévez J, Martín E (2010b) Influence of timber density on the axial strength of joints made with glued-in steel rods: an experimental approach. Int J of Adhes Adhes 30:380–385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otero D, Estévez J, Martín E (2010c) Model for predicting the axial strength of joints made with glued-in rods in sawn timber. Constr Build Mater 24:1773–1778

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otero D, Estévez J, Martín E, Vázquez JA (2010c) Failure modes in double-side pull-out test of threaded steel rods glued in hardwood. In: Proceeding of the World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2010), Riva del Garda, Italy

  • Riberholt H (1986) Glued bolts in glulam. Department of Structural Engineering, University of Denmark, Denmark (Serie R No. 210)

  • Rossignon A, Espion B (2008) Experimental assessment of the pull-out strength of single rods bonded in glulam parallel to the grain. Holz Roh Werkst 66:419–432

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Senno M, Piazza M, Tomasi R (2004) Axial glued-in steel timber joints. Experimental and numerical analysis. Holz Roh Werkst 62:137–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serrano E (2001a) Glued-in rods for timber structures. A 3D model and finite element parameter studies. Int J Adhes Adhes 21:115–127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Serrano E (2001b) Glued-in rods for timber structures. An experimental study of softening behaviour. Mater Struct 34(4):228–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steiger R, Gehri E, Widmann R (2006) Pull-out strength of axially loaded steel rods bonded in glulam parallel to the grain. Mater Struct 40(1):69–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Volkersen O (1938) Die Nietkraftverteilung in zugbeanspruchten Nietverbindungen mit konstanten Laschenquerschnitten. Luftfahrtforschung 15:41–47

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research is sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology through research project titled ‘‘UNIONES METÁLICAS ENCOLADAS CON ADHESIVOS EN BARRAS DE MADERA” (Glued Anchored Timber Joints). The financial support is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Construction Technology, Higher Technical School of Architecture, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain

    Emilio Martín, Javier Estévez & Dolores Otero

Authors
  1. Emilio Martín
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Javier Estévez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dolores Otero
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emilio Martín.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Martín, E., Estévez, J. & Otero, D. Influence of geometric and mechanical parameters on stress states caused by threaded rods glued in wood. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 71, 259–266 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0678-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0678-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation