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Chirurgie der Schilddrüsenmalignome

Surgical therapy for thyroid gland malignancies

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Zusammenfassung

Die chirurgische Therapie der Schilddrüsenkarzinome beruht auf einer histologie- und stadienadaptierten Vorgehensweise mit hoher interindividueller Variabilität. Sie kann von rein abwartendem Verhalten bis zu ausgedehnten multiviszeralen Eingriffen reichen. Die Zusammenfassung unterschiedlicher histologischer Malignomtypen führt zu Fehleinschätzungen bei der jeweils notwendigen Anpassung der chirurgischen Radikalität. Für die chirurgische Therapie sind die Kenntnis des biologischen Verhaltens der Tumoren, der Patientengefährdung durch den Tumor oder die Therapie, aber auch ein breites chirurgisches Spektrum limitierter und ausgedehnter Resektionsverfahren im Hals- und Thoraxbereich notwendig. Die hier vorgenommenen Empfehlungen richten sich primär nach den deutschen Leitlinien der chirurgischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Endokrinologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie und nach eigener Erfahrung der Autoren neben der Nennung von Leitlinien anderer Arbeitsgruppen.

Abstract

Surgical therapy for thyroid neoplasms is based on tumor histology and comprises stage-adapted procedures with a high degree of inter-individual variability. This can range from waiting and monitoring, to extensive multivisceral surgery. Grouping together histologically different types of malignancies leads to false assumptions when gauging the radicality of surgery necessary in each particular case. Surgical therapy requires not only an understanding of the biological behavior of the tumor and the risk that it or the therapy poses to the patient, but also knowledge of a wide surgical spectrum of limited and complex resection procedures in the neck and thorax region. The following recommendations are based primarily on the guidelines of the Surgical Working Group for Endocrinology of the German Society for General and Visceral Surgery as well as on the authors’ own experience and, where indicated, the guidelines of other working groups.

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Correspondence to P.E. Goretzki.

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Goretzki, P., Schwarz, K. & Lammers, B. Chirurgie der Schilddrüsenmalignome. HNO 61, 71–83 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-012-2639-2

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