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Die aortoösophageale Fistel – Eine seltene Differenzialdiagnose der oberen Gastrointestinalblutung

Aortoesophageal fistula—A rare differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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A Leserbriefe to this article was published on 16 September 2021

A Leserbriefe to this article was published on 16 September 2021

Zusammenfassung

Die aortoösophageale Fistel (AÖF) ist eine seltene Differenzialdiagnose der oberen gastrointestinalen Blutung. Trotz zunehmender Möglichkeiten in Diagnostik und Therapie ist die Letalität bei Patienten mit AÖF aufgrund ihres oftmals fulminanten Verlaufes auch unter maximaler, intensivmedizinischer Versorgung hoch. Der vorliegende Fall schildert die Symptomatik, Therapie und den klinischen Verlauf eines 54-jährigen Patienten mit AÖF in einem Krankenhaus der Maximalversorgung.

Abstract

Approximately 1% of all patients are admitted to an emergency room for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Differential diagnostics reveal an aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) as the cause of the bleeding in very few cases. Despite increasing means of diagnostics and treatment, mortality is high in patients with AEF even under maximum medical care. These are often fulminant situations with fatal outcome for the patient. We report a case that supports this observation described from previous cases and give a closer look at this rare emergency situation. A 54-year-old patient was taken to a maximum care hospital with the clinical diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding after receiving emergency medical treatment. The source of bleeding was quickly identified as an AEF following lobectomy for bronchial cancer. Despite maximum interventional intensive treatment, the patient died a few hours after hospital admission in hemorrhagic shock due to fulminant hemorrhage from the fistula.

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Correspondence to Julia Johanna Grannemann.

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Interessenkonflikt

J. J. Grannemann, A. Röper und G. Jansen geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. S. Rehberg gibt an, medizinischer Berater bei Fresenius Kabi Deutschland zu sein und Honrar und Reisekostenerstattung von Amomed Pharma, Orion Pharma und CLS Behring zu erhalten.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien. Für Bildmaterial oder anderweitige Angaben innerhalb des Manuskripts, über die Patienten zu identifizieren sind, liegt von ihnen und/oder ihren gesetzlichen Vertretern eine schriftliche Einwilligung vor.

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Grannemann, J.J., Röper, A., Rehberg, S. et al. Die aortoösophageale Fistel – Eine seltene Differenzialdiagnose der oberen Gastrointestinalblutung. Anaesthesist 70, 866–871 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-021-00963-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-021-00963-2

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