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The phosphoinositide PI(3,5)P2 mediates activation of mammalian but not plant TPC proteins: functional expression of endolysosomal channels in yeast and plant cells

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Abstract

Two-pore channel proteins (TPC) encode intracellular ion channels in both animals and plants. In mammalian cells, the two isoforms (TPC1 and TPC2) localize to the endo-lysosomal compartment, whereas the plant TPC1 protein is targeted to the membrane surrounding the large lytic vacuole. Although it is well established that plant TPC1 channels activate in a voltage- and calcium-dependent manner in vitro, there is still debate on their activation under physiological conditions. Likewise, the mode of animal TPC activation is heavily disputed between two camps favoring as activator either nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) or the phosphoinositide PI(3,5)P2. Here, we investigated TPC current responses to either of these second messengers by whole-vacuole patch-clamp experiments on isolated vacuoles of Arabidopsis thaliana. After expression in mesophyll protoplasts from Arabidopsis tpc1 knock-out plants, we detected the Arabidopsis TPC1-EGFP and human TPC2-EGFP fusion proteins at the membrane of the large central vacuole. Bath (cytosolic) application of either NAADP or PI(3,5)P2 did not affect the voltage- and calcium-dependent characteristics of AtTPC1-EGFP. By contrast, PI(3,5)P2 elicited large sodium currents in hTPC2-EGFP-containing vacuoles, while NAADP had no such effect. Analogous results were obtained when PI(3,5)P2 was applied to hTPC2 expressed in baker’s yeast giant vacuoles. Our results underscore the fundamental differences in the mode of current activation and ion selectivity between animal and plant TPC proteins and corroborate the PI(3,5)P2-mediated activation and Na+ selectivity of mammalian TPC2.

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Abbreviations

EGFP:

Enhanced green fluorescent protein

EGTA:

Ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid

NAADP:

Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate

PI(3,5)P2 :

Phosphatidylinositol-(3,5)-bisphosphate

TPC:

Two-pore channel

VM:

Vacuolar membrane

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Acknowledgments

We thank Anna Moroni (University of Milan) for critical comments on the manuscript. The technical assistance of Francesca Quartino, Alessandro Barbin, Damiano Magliozzi (IBF-CNR, Italy) was highly appreciated. ACa was supported by the Italian “Progetti di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale” (PRIN2010CSJX4F) and by Compagnia di San Paolo Research Foundation (ROL 291) and PD by the “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” (FOR964).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini 6, 16149, Genoa, Italy

    Anna Boccaccio, Joachim Scholz-Starke, Margherita Festa, Paul Vijay Kanth Gutla & Armando Carpaneto

  2. Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan

    Shin Hamamoto & Nobuyuki Uozumi

  3. Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology and Erlangen Center of Plant Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany

    Nina Larisch & Petra Dietrich

  4. Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Alex Costa

  5. Milan Division, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Alex Costa

Authors
  1. Anna Boccaccio
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  2. Joachim Scholz-Starke
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  3. Shin Hamamoto
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  4. Nina Larisch
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  5. Margherita Festa
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  6. Paul Vijay Kanth Gutla
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  7. Alex Costa
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  8. Petra Dietrich
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  9. Nobuyuki Uozumi
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  10. Armando Carpaneto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Armando Carpaneto.

Additional information

A. Boccaccio, J. Scholz-Starke, and S. Hamamoto contributed equally to this work.

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Boccaccio, A., Scholz-Starke, J., Hamamoto, S. et al. The phosphoinositide PI(3,5)P2 mediates activation of mammalian but not plant TPC proteins: functional expression of endolysosomal channels in yeast and plant cells. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 71, 4275–4283 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1623-2

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