Abstract
The study deals with the effect of metal toxicity (aluminum, chromium and combination of both the metals) on seed germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length and dry biomass of Vigna radiata and V. sinensis. Chromium adversely affected the seedling by significantly reducing the growth whereas aluminum did not show such effect in both the species. Percentage of germination was good in both the species at different concentration of treatment (aluminum, chromium and combined treatment). Shoot length was also not much affected in V. sinensis as it was greatly inhibited in V. radiata. Both the species showed the purpling of stem. Dry biomass of V. radiata showed positive effect than V. sinensis. However, dry biomass decreased to a lesser extent when treated with aluminum, chromium and combined treatment as compared to control.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aniol, A., (1984). Induction of aluminum tolerance in wheat seedlings by low doses of aluminium in the nutrient solution. Plant Physiol., 75, 551–555.
Asp, FL, Bengtsson, B. and Jensen, P., (1988). Growth and cation uptake in spruce (Picea abies Karst.) grown in sand culture with various aluminium contents. Plant Soil, 111, 127–133.
Bishoni, N. R., (1993). Effect of chromium on seed germination, seedling growth and yield of peas. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 47, 47–57.
Delhaize, E. and Ryan, P. R., (1995). Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants. Plant Physiol 107, 315–321.
Foy, C. D., Chaney, R. L. and Shite, M. C, (1978). The physiology of metal toxicity in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 29, 511–566.
Hodson, M. J. and Wilkins, D. A., (1991). Localization of aluminum in the root of Norway Spurse (Picea abies) inoculated with Paxillus involutus. New Phytol., 118, 273–278.
Horst, W. J., Schmohl, N., Kollmeier, M., Baluska, F. and Sivaguru, M., (1999). Does aluminum inhibit root growth of maize through interaction with the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum? Plant Soil, 215, 163–174.
Jamal, S. N., Iqbal, M. Z. and Athar, M., (2006). Effect of aluminum and chromium on the growth and germination of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz.) DC). Int. J. Environ. Sci. Techn., Accepted for publication.
Joshi, U. N., Rathore, S. S. and Arora, S. K., (1999). Effect of chromium on growth and development of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). Indian. J. Environ. Protect., 19, 745–749.
Karr, M.C., Coutinho, J. and Ahlrichs, J. L., (1984). Determination of aluminium toxicity in Indian soils by petri dish bioassays. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci., 93, 85–88.
Kollmeier, M., Felle, H. H. and Horst, W. J., (2000). Genotypical differences in aluminum résistance of maize are expressed in the distal part of the transition zone. Is reducing basipetalauxin flow involved in inhibition of root elongation by aluminum? Plant Physiol., 122, 945–956.
LeNoble, M. E., Blevins, D. G, Sharp, R. E. and Cumbie, B.G, (1996). Prevention of aluminum toxicity with supplemental boron. I. Maintenance of root elongation and cellular structure. Plant Cell Environ., 19, 1132–1142.
Marienfeld, S., Schmohl, N., Klein, M., Schröder, W. H., Kuhn, A. J. and Horst, W. J., (2000). Localizations of aluminium in root tips of Zea mays and Vicia faba. J. Plant. Physiol., 156, 666–671.
Neogy, M., Datta, J., Roy, A. K. and Mukherji, S., (2000). Studies on phytotoxic effect of aluminum on growth and some morphological parameters of Vigna radiata L. Wilcz. J. Environ. Biol., 23, 411–6.
Parker, D. R., (1995). Root growth analysis: an underutilized approach to understanding aluminium rhizotoxicity. In ’Plant soil interactions at low pH’, (ed. R.A. Date.), 253–323.
Pescod, M. B. and Alka, A.,(1985). Guidelines for water waste reuse in agriculture, FAO Regional seminar on treatment and use sewage effluent for irrigation, Cyprus.
Rana, D. K. and Aery, N. C, (1999). Effect of aluminum stress on the biochemical constituents during early seedling growth of mustard. Bionature, 19, 47–50.
Rout, G. R., Samantara. S. and Dasp, P., (2001). Aluminum toxicity in plants. Agronomie, 21, 3–21.
Saleemi, M. A., (1993). Environmental assessment and management of irrigation and drainage scheme for sustainable agriculture growth. EPA, Lahore, Pakistan
Sharma, A. and Aery, N.C., (2002). Studies on the phytoremidiation of zinc tailings. I. Growth performance of wheat. Vasundhara, 6, 45–50.
Sokal, R.R. and Rohlf, F.J., (1995). Biometry. W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.
Subramani, A., Saravanan, S., Sundaramorty, P. and Lakshmanachary, A.S., (1997). Impact of fertilizer factory effluent on the morphometrical and growth of Vigna mungo L. Pollut. Res., 16, 29–31.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jamal, S.N., Zafar Iqbal, M. & Athar, M. Effect of aluminum and chromium on the germination and growth of two Vigna species. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 3, 53–58 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325907
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325907