Abstract
Our purpose was to evaluate the results of interstitial radiotherapy of anorectal tumors. From 1972 to 1993, one of the authors treated 45 patients by an interstitial implant for anorectal tumors. Of these, 33 patients suffered from primary tumors, 19 from squamous carcinoma, 2 from basaloid carcinoma of the anus and the other 12 from primary adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Of 12 patients treated for local recurrence, 10 had adenocarcinoma and 2 squamous cell carcinoma. Of the 33 patients with primary tumors, 27 received a course of external-beam radiotherapy before the implant. The median follow-up was 35 months.
Local response depended on the tumor volume treated. All 21 anal tumors showed complete response, 5 patients developed local recurrence and 4 distant metastases; 3 died from their disease. Of 12 rectal adenocarcinomas, 9 responded completely, 4 patients developed local recurrence and 4 distant metastases; 6 died from active disease. In the last group of 12 patients who were treated for recurrent tumors, 7 responded completely. One patient developed local recurrence and 9 distant metastases, only 4 are alive.
A combination of external-beam and interstitial radiotherapy is a relatively simple, non-mutilating, but well-tolerated and very effective method of treatment for early carcinoma of the lower rectum and anus.
Zusammenfassung
Unser Ziel war die Auswertung der Ergebnisse der interstitiellen Radiotherapie anorektaler Geschwülste.
Das Krankengut bestand aus 45 Patienten mit anorektalen Tumoren, die im Zeitraum von 1972 bis 1993 durch interstitielle Implantate behandelt wurden. Von 33 Patienten mit primären Tumoren wurden 19 wegen spinozellulärer, zwei wegen basozellulärer Karzinome des Anus, weitere zwölf wegen Adenokarzinomen des Rektums behandelt. Außerdem wurden zwölf Patienten wegen Lokalrezidiven, davon zehn wegen Adeno- und zwei wegen Spinozellularkarzinomen bestrahlt. Von den 33 Patienten mit primären Tumoren wurden 27 vor dem Implantat mit Teletherapie perkutan bestrahlt. Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 35 Monate.
Der Behandlungserfolg war von der Tumorgröße abhängig. In der Gruppe von 21 Patienten mit Analtumoren, bei der eine komplette Tumorremission erreicht wurde, traten, in fünf Fällen Lokalrezidive, in vier, Fällen Fernmetastasen auf, drei Patienten sind bisher verstorben. Bei zwölf rektalen Adenokarzinomen wurde neunmal eine komplette Tumorremission erreicht, bei vier Patienten mit Fernmetastastasen. Sechs Patienten verstarben. In der Gruppe von zwölf Patienten, die wegen Lokalrezidiven behandelt wurden, kam es bei sieben zu einer kompletten Remission, bei einem davon entwickelte sich später ein zweites Lokalrezidiv. Es traten neun Fernmetastasen auf, acht Patienten verstarben.
Die Kombination der perkutanen Bestrahlung mit interstitiellem Implantat erweist sich als relativ einfache, aber sehr effektive Methode der Behandlung von frühen analen und tiefer liegenden Rektumkarzinomen.
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Kovarik, J., Svoboda, V.H.J. & Higgins, B. Conservative treatment of anorectal tumors. Coloproctol 20, 233–239 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03043893
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03043893