Summary
The present paper obtains necessary and sufficient conditions for factorial orthogonality in the presence of covariates. In particular, when interactions are absent, combinatorial characterizations of the conditions, as natural generalizations of the well-known equal and proportional frequency criteria, have been derived.
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Mukerjee, R., Yanai, H. Factorial orthogonality in the presence of covariates. Ann Inst Stat Math 38, 331–341 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02482521
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02482521