Abstract
Marked wavelike variations of the lower stratospheric wind observed on 7–10 May, 1985 by an MST radar in Japan (by the MU radar) are analyzed assuming that they are induced by monochromatic internal inertio-gravity waves. These variations are mainly composed of two modes (periods: 22 and 24 hours), both of which have zonal phase velocities (C X ) slower than the mean westerly wind (ū). A statistical analysis of the zonal phase velocity shows thatC X ≲ū above andC X ∼ū below the tropopause jet stream, which is considered to be a vivid proof of wave selection due to the tropospheric mean flow and upward wave emission from the tropopause jet. A comparison between the MU radar results and routine meteorological observations leads to the conclusion that the marked waves appear when the jet stream takes a maximum wind speed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barat, J. (1982),Some Characteristic of Clear-Air Turbulence in the Middle Stratosphere, J. Atmos. Sci.39, 2553–2564.
Barat, J. (1983),The Fine Structure of the Stratospheric Flow Revealed by Differential Sounding, J. Geophys. Res.88, 5219–5228.
Cadet, D., andTeitelbaum, H. (1979),Observational Evidence of Internal Inertia-Gravity Waves in the Tropical Stratosphere, J. Atmos. Sci.36, 892–907.
Fritts, D. C. (1984),Gravity Wave Saturation in the Middle Atmosphere: A Review of Theory and Observations, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys.22, 275–308.
Fukao, S., Sato, T., Tsuda, T., Kato, S., Wakasugi, K., andMakihira, T. (1985a),The MU Radar with an Active Phased Array System, 1. Antenna and Power Amplifiers, Radio Sci.20, 1155–1168.
Fukao, S., Tsuda, T., Sato, T., Kato, S., Wakasugi, K., andMakihira, T. (1985b),The MU Radar with an Active Phased Array System, 2. In-House Equipment, Radio Sci.20, 1169–1176.
Fukao, S., Yamanaka, M. D., Sato, T., Tsuda, T., andKato, S. (1988),Three-Dimensional Air Motions over the Baiu Front Observed by a VHF-Band Doppler Radar: A Case Study, Mon. Wea. Rev.116, 281–292.
Fukao, S., Yamanaka, M. D., Matsumoto, H., Sato, T., Tsuda, T., andKato, S. (1989),Wind Fluctuations near a Cold Vortex-Tropopause Funnel System Observed by the MU Radar, Pure Appl. Geophys.130 (2/3), 463–479.
Gage, K. S., andNastrom, G. D. (1985),On the Spectrum of Atmospheric Velocity Fluctuations Seen by MST/ST Radar and Their Interpretation, Radio Sci.20, 1339–1347.
Hirota, I., andNiki, T. (1985),A Statistical Study of Inertia-Gravity Waves in the Middle Atmosphere, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan.63, 1055–1066.
Hirota, I., andNiki, T. (1986),Inertia-Gravity Waves in the Troposphere and Stratosphere Observed by the MU Radar, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan64, 995–999.
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (1983),The Northern Hemisphere and Fine-Mesh Numerical Prediction Models (8L NHM and 10L FLM) and Analysis System, JMA-Numerical Computation Center Tech. Rep., Special Issue No. 29, 75 pp. (in Japanese).
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (1985a) JMA-Numerical Prediction Division 250-, 200- and 100-mb Objective Analyses, 6–11 May, 1985. (unpublished)
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (1985b), Daily Weather Maps, May 1985, 242 pp.
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (1985c), Aerological Data of Japan, May 1985, 247 pp.
Maekawa, Y., Fukao, S., Sato, T., Kato, S., andWoodman, R. F. (1984),Internal Inertia-Gravity Waves in the Tropical Lower Stratosphere Observed by the Arecibo Radar, J. Atmos. Sci.41, 2359–2367.
Mastrantonio, G., Einaudi, F., Fua, D., andLalas, D. P. (1976),Generation of Gravity Waves by Jet Streams in the Atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci.33, 1730–1738.
Matsuno, T. (1982),A Quasi-One-Dimensional Model of the Middle Atmosphere Circulation Interacting with Internal Gravity Waves, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan60, 215–226.
Sato, T., Tsuda, T., Kato, S., Morimoto, S., Fukao S., andKimura, I. (1985),High-Resolution MST Observations of Turbulence by Using the MU Radar, Radio Sci.20, 1452–1460.
Sato, T., andWoodman, R. F. (1982),Fine Altitude Resolution Observations of Stratospheric Turbulent Layers by the Arecibo 430 MHz Radar, J. Atmos. Sci.39 2546–2552.
Sawyer, J. S. (1961),Quasi-Periodic Wind Variations with Height in the Lower Stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy Meteor. Soc.87, 24–33.
Sidi, S., andBarat, J. (1986),Observational Evidence of an Inertial Wind Structure in the Stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res.91, 1209–1218.
Tanaka, H. (1983),Turbulence Layer Thickness in the Stratosphere under the Presence of Viscosity and Newtonian Cooling, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan61, 805–811.
Tanaka, H. (1986),A Slowly-Varying Model of the Lower Stratospheric Zonal Wind Minimum Induced by the Mesoscale Mountain Wave Breakdown, J. Atmos. Sci.43, 1881–1892.
Tanaka, H., andYamanaka, M. D. (1985),Atmospheric Circulation in the Lower Stratosphere Induced by the Mesoscale Mountain Wave Breakdown, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan63, 1047–1054.
Thompson, R. O. R. Y. (1978),Observation of Inertial Waves in the Stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.104, 691–698.
VanZandt, T. E. (1985),A Model for Gravity Wave Spectra Observed by Doppler Sounding Systems, Radio Sci.,20, 1323–1330.
Woodman, R. F., andRastogi, P. K. (1984),Evaluation of Effective Eddy Diffusive Coefficients Using Radar Observations of Turbulence in the Stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett.11, 243–246.
Yamanaka, M. D. (1985),Inertial Oscillation and Symmetric Motion Induced in an Inertio-Gravity Wave Critical Layer, J. Meteor Soc. Japan63, 715–737.
Yamanaka, M. D., andTanaka, H. (1984a),Multiple “gust layers” observed in the middle stratosphere, inDynamics of the Middle Atmosphere (eds. J. R. Holton and T. Matsuno) (TERRAPUB/D. Reidel), pp. 117–140.
Yamanaka, M. D., andTanaka, H. (1984b),Propagation and Breakdown of Internal Inertio-Gravity Waves near Critical Levels in the Middle Atmosphere, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan62, 1–17.
Yamanaka, M. D., andTanaka, H. (1984c),Meso- and Micro-Scale Structures of Stratospheric Winds: A Quick Look of Balloon Observation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan62, 177–182.
Yamanaka, M. D., andTanaka, H. (1985),Hierarchical Structure of Stratospheric Wind Fluctuations, MAP Handbook18, 232–236.
Yamanaka, M. D., Tanaka, H., Hirosawa, H., Matsuzaka, Y., Yamagami, T., andNishimura, J. (1985),Measurement of Stratospheric Turbulence by Balloon-Borne “Glow-Discharge” Anemometer, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan63, 483–489.
Zhu, X., andHolton, J. R. (1987),Mean Fields Induced by Local Gravity-Wave Forcing in the Middle Atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci.44, 620–630.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yamanaka, M.D., Fukao, S., Matsumoto, H. et al. Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar: Preliminary results. PAGEOPH 130, 481–495 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874470
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874470