Skip to main content
Log in

Immunoglobulins at the dermal-epidermal junction in lupus erythematosus: ultrastructural investigations

  • Published:
Archiv für dermatologische Forschung Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The ultrastructural localization of immunoglobulins bound in vivo in LE skin was investigated by means of an electron microscopic immuno-peroxidase method. Three patients, one with SLE and two with CDLE, were studied. Immunoglobulins were demonstrated in a junctional zone which included the basal lamina and the most superficial layer of the subjacent dermis, one to two micra in width. The immunoglobulins were seen on the lamina, in the ground substance and on the fibrous components of his zone. A coating of collagen fibers by immunoglobulins was observed, as were, occasionally, immunoglobulin deposits in the microfibril-areas of elastic fibers.

Immediately below the basal lamina the immunoglobulins formed irregular aggregates of various size. They also extended beyond the lamina and coated the plasma membrane of basal cells. This immunoglobulin coat was consistently found on the half desmosomes.

There were no significant differences in the localization patterns of immunoglobulins in SLE and CDLE lesions. In CDLE skin the immunoglobulin positive zone was wider, the deposits were heavier and the irregular immunoglobulin aggregates were larger and more numerous. Reduplications of the basal lamina also exhibited immunoglobulin deposits.

It is concluded from various observations that these immunoglobulins are, at least in part, bound to antigenic sites within the junctional zone. It is hypothesized that the immunochemical staining patterns obtained in LE lesions are due both to antibasement membrane zone antibodies specifically bound to antigens in this region and to immune complexes “nonspecifically” deposited in the tissue.

Zusammenfassung

Die ultrastrukturelle Lokalisation der in vivo in LE-Läsionen gebundenen Immunglobuline wurde mittels einer elektronenmikroskopischen Immun-Peroxidase-Methode untersucht (1 Patient mit SLE, 2 Patienten mit CDLE). Immunoglobuline wurden in der dermo-epidermalen Junctionszone sowie in einem Bereich, der die Basallamina und einen 1–2 µ breiten, daruntergelegenen Streifen des papillären Bindegewebes umfaßt, nachgewiesen. Die Globuline sind innerhalb dieser Zone an der Basallamina, in der Grundsubstanz und an den Bindegewebsfasern lokalisiert. Kollagenfasern sind von einer Globulinhülle umgeben, elastische Fasern weisen gelegentlich Globulinablagerungen im Bereich ihrer Mikrofibrillen auf.

Knapp unterhalb der Basallamina bilden die Immunglobuline unregelmäßige Aggregate unterschiedlicher Größe. Sie erstrecken sich aber auch über die Basallamina hinaus bis an die Plasmamembran der Basalzellen, an deren Oberfläche sie mantelförmige Ablagerungen bilden. Diese Immunglobulinschicht findet sich regelmäßig an der Oberfläche der Halbdesmosomen.

Zwischen den Ablagerungen bei SLE und CDLE bestehen keine grundsätzlichen Unterschiede. In CDLE-Läsionen ist die Immunglobulin-positive Zone allerdings breiter, die Ablagerungen sind dichter und die Aggregate zahlreicher und größer. Reduplikationen der Basallamina sind ebenfalls von Immunglobulinen markiert.

Es wird aus einer Reihe von Beobachtungen geschlossen, daß diese Immunglobuline, zumindest z.T., an antigene Strukturen in der Junctionszone gebunden sind.

Das immunocytochemische Reaktionsmuster von LE-Läsionen kommt offenbar sowohl durch Antikörper gegen die Basalmembran-Region, die an Antigene in der Junctionszone gebunden werden, als auch durch „unspezifisch“ abgelagerte Immunkomplexe zustande.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Avrameas, S.: Coupling of enzymes to protein with glutaraldehyde. Use of the conjugates for the detection of antigens and antibodies. Immunochemistry6, 43–52 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Avrameas, S.: Immunoenzyme techniques: Enzymes as markers for the localization of antigens and antibodies. Int. Rev. Cytol.27, 349–385 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Baart de la Faille-Kuyper, E. H., Cormane, R. H.: The occurrence of certain serum factors in the dermal-epidermal junction and vessels walls of the skin in lupus erythematosus and other skin diseases. Acta derm.-venereol. (Stockh.)48, 578–588 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Burnham, T. K., Fine, G.: The immunofluorescent “band” test for lupus erythematosus. Arch. Derm.99, 413–420 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Burnham, T. K., Neblett, T. R., Fine, G.: The application of the fluorescent antibody technique to the investigation of lupus erythematosus and various dermatoses. J. invest. Derm.41, 451–456 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chorzeleski, T., Jablonska, S., Blaszcyk, M.: Immunopathologische Untersuchungen bei Lupus erythematodes disseminatus (subacutus and acutus). Arch. klin. exp. Derm.233, 219–226 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cormane, R. H.: Bound globulin in the skin of patients with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus and systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet1964I, 534–535.

  8. Cormane, R. H., Ballieux, R. E., Kalsbeck, G. L., Aymans, W.: Classification of immunoglobulins at the dermal-epidermal junction in lupus erythematosus. Clin. exp. Immunol.1, 207–212 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Fukuyama, K., Douglas, St. D., Tuffanelli, D. L., Epstein, W. L.: Immunohistochemical method for localization of antibodies in cutaneous disease. Amer. J. clin. Path.54, 410–418 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Graham, R. C., Karnovsky, M. J.: The early stages of absorption of injected horseradish peroxidase in the proximal tubules of mouse kidney: Ultrastructural cytochemistry by a new technique. J. Histochem. Cytochem.14, 291–302 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Holubar, K., Doralt, M., Egerth, G.: Immunofluorescent patterns in Dermatitis herpetiformis. Investigations on skin and intestinal mucosa. Brit. J. Derm.85, 505–512 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kalsbeck, G. L., Cormane, R. H.: The occurrence of immunoglobulins in the dermo-epidermal junction of the skin in lupus erythematosus and related syndromes. Dermatologica (Basel)135, 205–215 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kraehenbuhl, J. P., De Grandi, P. B., Campiche, M. A.: Ultrastructural localization of intracellular antigen using enzyme-labeled antibody fragments. J. Cell Biol.50, 432–445 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Landry, M., Sams, W. M.: Basement membrane antibodies in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet1972II, 821–822.

  15. Nordquist, R. E., Olson, R. L., Everett, M. A.: The transport, uptake, and storage of ferritin in human epidermis. Arch. Derm.94, 482–490 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Pohle, E. L., Tuffanelli, D. L.: Study of cutaneous lupus erythematosus by immunochemical methods. Arch. Derm.97, 520–526 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Schreiner, E., Wolff, K.: Die Permeabilität des epidermalen Interzellularraumes für kleinmolekulares Protein. Ergebnisse elektronenmikroskopisch-cytochemischer Untersuchungen mit Peroxidase als Markierungssubstanz. Arch. klin. exp. Derm.235, 78–88 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Schreiner, E., Wolff, K.: Systemic lupus erythematosus: Electron microscopic localization of in vivo bound immunolgobulins at the dermal-epidermal junction. J. invest. Derm.55, 325–328 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Schreiner, E., Wolff, K.: Der Interzellularraum der Epidermis. Ultrastrukturellcytochemische Traceruntersuchungen. Acta histochen. (Jena) Suppl.10, 174–180 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Sternberger, L. A.: Electron microscopic immunochemistry: A review. J. Histochem. Cytochem.15, 139–159 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Tan, E. M., Kunkel, H. G.: An immunofluorescent study of the skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthr. Rheum.9, 37–46 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Thivolet, J., Beyvin, A. J., Le Mot, J.: Elution des anticorps fixes in vivo au niveau de la peau au corps du pemphigus, de la pemphigoide bulleuse et du lupus erythemateux. Lyon Med.227, 241–245 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Thivolet, J., Tack, J. L., Page, Y., Schmitt, D.: Utilisation d'anticorps marqués à la peroxidase pour la recherche et la diagnostic immunologiques. Press. med.79, 2542–2544 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Tuffanelli, D., Kay, D., Fukuyama, K.: Dermal-epidermal junction in lupus erythematosus. Arch. Derm.99, 652–662 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Wolff, K., Fukuyama, K.: Peroxidase conjugates in immunodermatology. In: Advances in Immunodermatology, Vol. I. Ed. by E. H. Beutner, R. Jordan, T. Chorzelski and S. Bean. (In press.)

  26. Wolff, K., Hönigsmann, H.: Permeability of the epidermis and phagocytic activity of keratinocytes. Ultrastructural studies with thorotrast as marker. J. Ultrastruct. Res.36, 176–190 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wolff, K., Schreiner, E.: Immunhistochemische Untersuchungen mittels eines Enzym-Immunoglobulin-Konjugates. Nachweis in vivo gebundener Immunglobuline bei Lupus erythematosus, Pemphigus vulgaris, Pemphigus erythematosus und Pemphigoid. Arch. klin, exp. Derm.238, 381–389 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Wolff, K., Schreiner, E.: Ultrastructural localization of pemphigus autoantibodies within the epidermis. Nature (Lond.)229, 59–61 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Supported, in part, by Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Wien, and Schering AG, Berlin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Elisabeth, WS., Wolff, K. Immunoglobulins at the dermal-epidermal junction in lupus erythematosus: ultrastructural investigations. Arch. Derm. Forsch. 246, 193–210 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00595420

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00595420

Keywords

Navigation