Bibliography
Anagnostakis, C. The Arabic Version of Ptolemy's Planisphærium. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Ph. D. Thesis, 1984.
Andersen, K. “The Central Projection in One of Ptolemy's Map Constructions”. Centaurus 30 1987, 106–113.
Heiberg, J. L. (ed.) Claudii Ptolemaei Opera Astronomica Minora (Vol. III of Claudii Ptolemaei Opera Quae Extant Omnia.). Leipzig: Teubner, 1898–1903.
Mžik, Hans V. & F. Hopfner. Theorie und Grundlagen der Darstellenden Erdkunde. Vienna: Gerold and Co., 1936.
Neugebauer, O. The Exact Sciences in Antiquity. (Second Ed.) New York: Dover, 1969.
Neugebauer, O. “Ptolemy's Geography, Book VII, Chapters 6 and 7.” Isis 50 1959, 22–29.
Neugebauer, O. History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975.
Nobbe, C. F. A. (ed.) Claudii Ptolemaei Geographia (with introduction by A. Diller). Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1966.
Pedersen, O. A Survey of the Almagest. Odense, Denmark: Odense University Press, 1974.
Thomson, Ron B. Jordanus de Nemore and the Mathematics of Astrolabes: De plana spera. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1978.
Toomer, G. article “Hipparchus” in The Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Vol. XV. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1978, 207–224.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by A. Aaboe
I thank Asger Aaboe for his encouragement and his many helpful comments on all aspects of this paper. I thank also Alexander Jones for his permission to publish here as Figure 3, his representation of Ptolemy's ringed sphere based on his study of the text of Book VII, 6–7 of the Geography.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Berggren, J.L. Ptolemy's maps of earth and the heavens: A new interpretation. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci. 43, 133–144 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00375348
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00375348