Summary
The Schizasteridae includes a high proportion of brooding species. The brooding cycle of Abatus cordatus (a species endemic to Kerguelen) at an intertidal site in the “Golfe du Morbihan” is annual and lasts 8.5 months, from the end of March until the beginning of December. This cycle is reproducible among years. It is synchronous inside the Golfe between two intertidal sites. A displacement of about six months occurs at a deeper site (-50 m). The delay of the cycle and depth does not seem to be related because an open-sea intertidal site has a similar displacement of the brooding cycle. It depends on the gonadal cycle which itself depends on the availability of trophic resources. On this basis and samples taken in January annual brooding cycles are hypothetized to occur in 3 Antarctic species of Schizasteridae from Terre-Adélie in relation to the annual sea ice cover and restricted summer period of primary production.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agassiz A (1874) Revision of the Echini. Illust Cat Mus Comp Zool (Harvard) 3:1–762
Agassiz A (1881) Echinoidea. Rep Sci Res Voy Challenger (Zool) 3:1–321
Arnaud PM (1974) Contribution à la bionomie marine benthique des régions antarctiques et subantarctiques. Téthys 6:465–656
Bernasconi I (1953) Monografia de los equinoideos argentinos. Ann Mus Hist Nat Montevideo Ser 2 6:2–58
Bernasconi I (1966) Los Equinoideos y Asteroideos colectados por el buque oceanografico R/V “Vema”, frente a las costas Argentinas, Uruguayas y sur de Chile. Rev Mus Argent Cienc Nat “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Zool) 9:147–175
Bernasconi I (1969) Equinodermos antarcticos 1- Equinoidos 1- Equinoideos de Shetland del sur y archipielago Melchior. Rev Mus Argent Cienc Nat “Bernardino Rivadavia” (Zool) 9:197–210
BIOMECO (1988) Logiciel de statistiques, version 3.2, 1988. Groupe Biométrie, CEPE-CNRS, route de Mende, 34033 Montpellier, France
Bouvy M, Soyer J (1989) Benthic seasonality in an intertidal mud flat at Kerguelen Islands (Austral Ocean). The relationships between meiofaunal abundance and their potential microbial food. Polar Biol 10:19–27
Cherbonnier G, Guille A (1974) Invertébrés de l'infralittoral rocheux dans l'archipel de Kerguelen. Echinodermes. CNFRA 35:25–44
Clark HL (1917) Hawaiian and other Pacific Echini — Echinoneidae, Nucleolitidae, Urichinidae, Echinocorythidae, Calymnidae, Pourtalesiidae, Paleastomatidae, Aeropsidae, Paleopneustidae, Hemiasteridae and Spatangidae. Mem Mus Comp Zool (Harvard) 46:81–283
Clark HL (1925) A catalogue of the recent sea-urchins in the collection of the British Museum (Nat Hist). Oxford University Press, London, pp 1–250
Dearborn JH, Fell FJ (1974) Ecology of echinoderms from the Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctic J US 9:304–306
Delille D (1977) Contribution à l'étude du rôle des populations bactériennes dans les principaux cycles biologiques (C, N, S, P) établis en milieu sédimentaire subantarctique (Archipel de Kerguelen). Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat, Univ Claude Bernard, Lyon
Delille D, Bouvy M (1989) Bacterial responses to natural organic inputs in a marine subantarctic area. Hydrobiologia 182:225–238
Desbruyères D (1976) Cycle biologique de quelques annélides polychaetes en milieu subantarctique. Thèse de Doctorat de 3e cycle, Univ Paris VI
Emlet RB, McEdward LR, Strathmann RR (1987) Echinoderm larval ecology viewed from the egg. In: Jangoux M, Lawrence JM (eds) Echinoderm studies, vol 2. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 55–135
Fischer AG (1966) Spatangoids. In: Moore RC (ed) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Echinodermata, vol 3. Geol Soc Am, Univ Kansas, pp 257–265
Grieg JA, (1929) Some echinoderms from the South Shetlands. Bergen Mus Aarbok 3:1–10
Keats DW, Steele DH, South GR (1984) Depth-dependent reproductive output of the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (OF Müller), in relation to the nature and availability of food. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 80:77–91
Koehler R (1900a) Note préliminaire sur les échinides et les ophiures de l'expédition antarctique belge. Bull Acad R Belg 11:814–820
Koehler R (1900b) Les échinides et les ophiures de l'expédition antarctique beige. C R Acad Sci Paris 131:1010–1012
Koehler R (1901) Echinides et ophiures. Rés Voy SY Belgica Zool 1:1–42
Koehler R (1908) Astéries, Ophiures et Echinides de l'Expédition Antarctique Nationale Ecossaise. Edinburgh Trans R Soc 46:529–649
Koehler R (1911) Echinoderma. Asteries, ophiures et échinides de l'Expédition Antarctique Anglaise de 1907–1909. Rep Br Antarct Exped Biol 2:25–66
Koehler R (1912) Echinodermes: ophiures, astéries et échinides. IIème Expédition Antarctique Française (1908–1910) commandée par le Dr Jean Charcot. Sci Nat Doc Sci, pp 163–225
Koehler R (1926) Echinodermata Echinoidea. Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911–1914 under the leadership of Sir Douglas Mawson, D Se. BE, FRS, Sci Rep, Ser C 8:1–134
Larrain AP (1985) Brachysternaster, new genus, and Brachysternaster chesheri, new species of antarctic echinoid (Spatangoida, Schizasteridae). Polar Biol 4:121–124
Larson BR, Vadas, RL, Keser M (1980) Feeding and nutritional ecology of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in Maine, USA. Mar Biol 59:49–62
Loven S (1871) Om Echinoideernas byggnad. Ofvers K Vet Akad Föhr 28:1065–1111
McClintock JB, Pearse JS (1986) Organic and energetic content of eggs and juveniles of antarctic echinoids and asteroids with lecithotrophic development. Comp Biochem Physiol 85A:341–345
McClintock JB, Pearse JS (1988) Reproductive biology of the antarctic brooding sea urchins Abatus shackletoni and Abatus nimrodi. Am Zool 28:151A
McKnight DG (1976) Echinoids from the Ross sea and the Balleny islands. NZ Oceanogr Inst Rec 3:1–6
Madsen FJ (1955) Echinoderms other than Holothurians collected in subantarctic and antarctic seas, mainly by the “Norvegia” Expeditions 1928–1930. Sci Res Norw Antarct Exped 1927–1928 (Oslo) 3:1–17
Magniez P (1980a) Le cycle sexuel d'Abatus cordatus (Echinoidea: Spatangoida): modalités d'incubation et évolution histologique et biochimique des gonades. Thèse Doctorat 3e cycle, Univ Paris VI
Magniez P (1980b) Modalités de l'incubation chez Abatus cordatus (Verrill), oursin endémique des îles Kerguelen. In: Jangoux M (ed) Echinoderms:present and past. Balkema Press, Rotterdam, pp 399–403
Magniez P (1983) Reproductive cycle of the brooding echinoid Abatus cordatus (Echinodermata) in Kerguelen (Antarctic Ocean): changes in the organ indices, biochemical composition and calorie content of the gonads. Mar Biol 74:55–64
Mortensen T (1905) Some new species of Echinoidea (from Magellanic region). Vid Medd Dansk Nat Foren Kobenhave: 241–243
Mortensen T (1910) The Echinoidea of the Swedish South-polar expedition. Wiss Ergebn Schwed Südpolar Exped 1901–1903 6(4):1–114
Mortensen T (1936) Echinoidea and Ophiuroidea. Discovery Rep 12:199–348
Mortensen T (1950) Echinoidea-BANZ Antarctic Research Expedition 1929–1931. Reports, Ser B 4:287–310
Mortensen T (1951) Spatangoida (II) — Amphisternata (II) — Spatangidae, Loveniidae, Pericosmidae, Schizasteridae, Brissidae. In: Rutzel CA (ed) A monograph of the Echinoidea, vol 2. Kobenhaven pp 1–593
Pawson L (1969) Echinoidea. In: Bushnell WC, Hedgpeth JW (eds) Am Geogr Soc, New York. Antarct Map Folio Ser, Folio 11:38–41
Pearse JS, McClintock JB (1990) A comparison of reproduction by the brooding spatangoid echinoids Abatus shackletoni and A. nimrodi in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Invert Reprod Devel 17:181–191
Philippi A (1845) Beschreibung einiger neuen Echinodermen nebst kritischen Bemerkungen über einige weniger bekannte Arten. Arch Naturgesch 11:344–359
Pfeffer G (1889) Zur Fauna von Süd-Georgien. Jahrb Hamburg Wiss Anst 6:49
Picard A (1982) Détermination par l'analyse factorielle de la période approchée d'un phénomène quasi cyclique. Application au développement synchrone des larves portées par une population de vers marins Spirorbis spirorbis (spirorbis). Cahiers Anal Données 7:290–310
Schatt P (1985a) Développement et croissance embryonnaire de l'oursin incubant Abatus cordatus (Echinoidea:Spatangoida). Thèse de Doctorat, Univ Paris VI
Schatt P (1985b) L'édification de la face orale au cours du développement direct d'Abatus cordatus, oursin incubant subantarctique. In: Keegan BF, O'Connor BDS (eds) Echinodermata. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 339–345
Schatt P (1988) Embryonic growth of the brooding sea urchin Abatus cordatus. In: Burke RD, Mladenov PV, Lambert P, Parsley RL (eds) Echinoderm biology. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 225–228
Smith EA (1879) On the Echinodermata of Kerguelen islands. Philo Trans R Soc, London 168:270–281
STAT-ITCF (1988) version 4, Service des études statistiques, Institut technique des céréales et des fourrages, Paris, France
Troschel FH (1851) Über die Gattung Tripylus. Arch Naturgesch 17:67–74
Vadas RL (1977) Preferential feeding: an optimization strategy in sea urchins. Ecol Monogr 47:337–371
Verrill AE (1876) Contribution to the natural history of Kerguelen island. Annelids and Echinoderms. Bull US Nat Mus 3:64–75
Vincent WF (1988) Benthic marine environments. In: Vincent WF (ed) Microbial ecosystems of Antarctica. University Press, Cambridge NewYork New Rochelle Melbourne-Sydney, pp 97–110
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schatt, P., Féral, J.P. The brooding cycle of Abatus cordatus (Echinodermata: Spatangoida) at Kerguelen Islands. Polar Biol 11, 283–292 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00239020
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00239020