Skip to main content
Log in

The concept of rigidity: An enigma

  • Articles
  • Published:
International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

A controversy about the nature of behavioral rigidity exists in current psychological theory. To date, large bodies of empirical data have been accumulated which support two major theoretical perspectives. A dichotomy exists between the assumption that rigidity is a personality factor and the perspective that maintains that rigidity is task specific, a behavioral phenomena observable under certain conditions. This paper highlights the dichotomy by examining some of the relevant classical and recent research in the area. It is concluded that the concept must be used cautiously by both researchers and practitioners.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, T.W. and Whitley, J.M. (1969). Dimensions of effective counselling. Columbus: Ohio: Merrill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, C.C. (1981). The bogus science. Canadian Journal of Education 6(4): 8–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Angleitner, A. (1973). Factor analysis of the concept of rigidity. Archives für Psychologie 125(1): 73–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Angleitner, A. and Rudinger, G. (1975). An examination of factorial disruption of intelligence and rigidity. Archives für Psychologie 127(1–2): 35–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Applezweig, D.G. (1954). Some determinants of behavioral rigidity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 49: 224–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baer, D.J. (1964). Factors in perception and rigidity. Perceptual and Motor Skills 19(2): 563–570.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R.B. (1935). On the measurement of perseveration. British Journal of Educational Psychology 5: 76–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R.B. (1946). The riddle of perseveration: I. Creative effort and disposition rigidity. II. Solution in terms of personality structure. Journal of Personality 14: 229–238, 239–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R.B. and Tiner, L.G. (1949). The varieties of structural rigidity. Journal of Personality 17: 321–341.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chown, S.M. (1959). Rigidity — a flexible concept. Psychological Bulletin 56(3): 195–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corder, B.F. and Corder, R.F. (1974). A study of the relationship of IQ and cognitive and personality rigidity to performance on concept learning tasks. Educational and Psychological Measurement 34(1): 83–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowen, E.L. and Thompson, G.G. (1951). Problem solving rigidity and personality structure. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 46: 165–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowen, E.L., Wiener, M. and Hess, J. (1953). Generalization of problem-solving rigidity. Journal of Consulting Psychology 17: 100–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferniman, S. and Rogers, J.D. (1974). Sex differences in psychological rigidity. Perceptual and Motor Skills 39(3): 1337–1338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, S. An overview of trends in research dealing with personality rigidity. Journal of Personality 17: 342–351.

  • Fisher, S. (1950). Patterns of personality rigidity and some of their determinants. Psychological Monographs 64(1 Whole no. 307).

    Google Scholar 

  • Forster, N., Vinacke, W.E. and Digman, J.M. (1955). Flexibility and rigidity in a variety of problem situations. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 50: 211–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • French, E.G. (1955). Interrelations among some measures of rigidity under stress and non-stress conditions. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 51: 114–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodstein, L.D. (1953). Intellectual rigidity and social attitudes. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 48: 345–353.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kounin, J. (1948). The meaning of rigidity: a reply to Heinz Werner. Psychological Review 55: 157–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leach, P.J. (1967). A critical study of the literature concerning rigidity. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 6(1): 11–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luchins, A.S. (1949). Rigidity and ethnocentrism a critique. Journal of Personality 17: 467–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, J.A. and Ferguson, G.A. (1951). A factorial study of tests of rigidity. Canadian Journal of Psychology 5: 49–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinard, J.W. (1932). Tests of perseveration. British Journal of Psychology 23: 114–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rokeach, M. (1948). Generalized mental rigidity as a factor in ethnocentrism. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 43: 259–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubenowitz, S. (1963). Emotional flexibility-rigidity as a comprehensive dimension of mind. PA: Council Report NR34.

  • Schaie, K. Werner (1955). A test of behavioral rigidity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 51: 604–610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, H.O., Fonda, C.P. and Wesley, E.L. (1954). A note on the consistency of rigidity as a personality variable. Journal of Consulting Psychology 18: 450.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, H.M. (1971). Conceptual complexity and personality organization. In H.M. Schroeder and P. Suedfild (Eds.), Personality theory and information processing, New York: Ronald Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, W.A. (1966). Flexibility, rigidity and adaptation: toward clarification of constructs. In O.S. Harvey (Ed.), Experience, structure and adaptability, New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewin, L.L. (1980). Rigidity revisited. Unpublished paper. University of Alberta.

  • Werner, H. (1946). The concept of rigidity: a critical evaluation. Psychological Review 53: 43–52.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stewin, L. The concept of rigidity: An enigma. Int J Adv Counselling 6, 227–232 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00124273

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00124273

Keywords

Navigation