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Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III

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Abstract

The temporal relationship between cervical infection with Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) or human papillomavirus (HPV) and the incidence rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade three (CIN III) was examined in a cohort of 43,016 Norwegian women. From 1980 to 1989, a cervico-vaginal infection from TV and HPV was diagnosed cytologically in 988 and 678 women, respectively. During the 181,240 person-years of observation, 440 cases of CIN III/cervical cancer developed. The age-adjusted incidence rates (IR) of CIN III were 225 per 100,000 person-years among women with no cytologic evidence of infection,459 among women with TV infection, and 729 among women with HPV infection. A multiple regression model yielded a relative rate (RR) of CIN III of 2.1 (95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.3–3.4) among women with TV infection and 3.5 (CI=1.9–6.6) among women with HPV infection, compared with women with neither infection. As CIN can be misclassified as HPV infection, the entry Pap-smears of 10 women with HPV infection who later developed CIN III were re-examined. Excluding the four discordant cases with the corresponding person-years decreased the RR of CIN III to 2.1 (CI=0.9–4.8). Our report demonstrates the limitations of studies that rely only on cytologic detection of HPV infection. Nevertheless, the results support the hypothesis that HPV is a causal factor for CIN III lesions, and also display an association between TV infection and cervical neoplasia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsö, Norway

    Inger Torhild Gram

  2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Maurizio Macaluso & Jeanetta Churchill

  3. Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsö, Norway

    Helge Stalsberg

Authors
  1. Inger Torhild Gram
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  2. Maurizio Macaluso
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  3. Jeanetta Churchill
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  4. Helge Stalsberg
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Additional information

Dr Gram is a research fellow of the Norwegian Cancer Society. This study was supported in part by a grant from the Aakre Foundation for the fighting of cancer and a grant from the University of Tromsö. A summary of this paper was presented at the American Public Health Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, USA, 10–14 November 1991.

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Gram, I.T., Macaluso, M., Churchill, J. et al. Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III. Cancer Causes Control 3, 231–236 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00124256

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00124256

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