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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Vitamin D is a multifunctional pro-hormone and has widespread actions in human body. Several studies showed a possible association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes, but no definite conclusion was available.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively assess the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and DPN in patients with type 2 diabetes. Data from eligible studies were pooled using meta-analysis.

Results

Six studies that involved a total of 1,484 type 2 diabetic patients were finally included into the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that there were obviously decreased serum 25(OH)D levels in DPN patients [weighted mean difference (WMD) = −6.36 ng/ml, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) −8.57 to −4.14, P < 0.00001]. Vitamin D deficiency was also significantly associated with increased risk of DPN in patients with type 2 diabetes [odds ratio (OR) 2.88, 95 % CI 1.84–4.50, P < 0.00001]. Meta-analysis of three studies with adjusted estimates showed that vitamin D deficiency was independently associated with increased risk of DPN in patients with type 2 diabetes (OR 2.68, 95 % CI 1.67–4.30, P < 0.0001). Sensitivity analysis showed that there was no obvious change in the pooled estimates.

Conclusion

Vitamin D is involved in the development of DPN in type 2 diabetic patients, and vitamin D deficiency is very likely to be associated with DPN in type 2 diabetic patients. Further studies are needed to validate the association between vitamin D deficiency and DPN.

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Conflict of interest

We declare that we have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China

    W. S. Lv, W. J. Zhao, S. L. Gong, D. D. Fang, B. Wang, Z. J. Fu, S. L. Yan & Y. G. Wang

  2. Essencemed Clinic, Weifang, 261000, China

    B. Wang

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  1. W. S. Lv
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  2. W. J. Zhao
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  3. S. L. Gong
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  4. D. D. Fang
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  5. B. Wang
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  6. Z. J. Fu
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  7. S. L. Yan
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  8. Y. G. Wang
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Correspondence to B. Wang or Y. G. Wang.

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Lv, W.S., Zhao, W.J., Gong, S.L. et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 38, 513–518 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0210-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0210-6

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