Abstract
Detection and isolation of faults in the exhaust gas path of a turbocharged spark ignition (SI) engine is an essential part of the engine control unit (ECU) strategies to minimize exhaust emission and ensure safe operation of a turbocharger. This paper proposes a novel model-based strategy to detect and isolate an exhaust manifold leakage and a stuckclosed wastegate fault. The strategy is based on a globally optimal parameter estimation algorithm which detects a virtual hole area in the exhaust manifold. The estimation algorithm requires observation of the exhaust manifold’s input and output flows. The input flow is estimated by a nonlinear Luenberger observer which is analytically shown to be robust to the faults in the exhaust manifold. The output flow of the exhaust manifold is estimated by a sliding mode observer. The designed fault detection and isolation (FDI) strategy is tested with the experimental data collected from a 1.7-liter turbocharged SI engine. The validation results show that the FDI strategy can successfully detect a leakage fault caused by a 5 mm hole in the exhaust manifold, and can identify the wastegate stuck-closed fault.
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Abbreviations
- A:
-
area (m2)
- C:
-
damping coefficient (kg/s)
- Cd :
-
discharge coefficient (-)
- Cp :
-
specific heat at constant pressure (kJ/kg.K)
- d:
-
diameter (m)
- F:
-
force (N)
- K:
-
spring stiffness (N/m)
- m:
-
mass (kg)
- \(\dot m\) :
-
mass flow (kg/s)
- P:
-
pressure (kPa)
- Pr:
-
pressure ratio (-)
- R:
-
specific gas constant (kJ/kg.K)
- t:
-
time (sec)
- T:
-
temperature (K)
- U:
-
speed (m/s)
- V:
-
volume (m3)
- X:
-
displacement (m)
- η:
-
efficiency (%)
- θ:
-
angle (rad)
- γ:
-
ratio of specific heats (-)
- ρ:
-
density (kg/m3)
- ω:
-
rotational speed (rad/s)
- a:
-
air
- amb:
-
ambient
- b:
-
boost
- c:
-
compensated
- cap:
-
wastegate capsule
- corr:
-
corrected
- ds:
-
downstream
- em:
-
exhaust manifold
- eff:
-
effective
- eng:
-
engine
- f:
-
fuel
- h:
-
hole
- im:
-
intake manifold
- in:
-
input
- inj:
-
injected
- k:
-
kinetic
- out:
-
output
- p:
-
pressure
- ref:
-
reference
- sp:
-
spring
- t:
-
turbine
- th:
-
throttle
- us:
-
upstream
- vol:
-
volumetric
- WG:
-
wastegate
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Salehi, R., Alasty, A., Shahbakhti, M. et al. Detection and isolation of faults in the exhaust path of turbocharged automotive engines. Int.J Automot. Technol. 16, 127–138 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-015-0014-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-015-0014-5