Abstract
This article focuses on the perceptions of Muslim immigrants regarding what might constitute ‘successful integration’ into two Western European countries: Germany and the Netherlands. I conducted qualitative interviews with representatives from Muslim umbrella organisations and reviewed their publications to analyse their definitions of ‘integration’. The results support the assumption that differences in political opportunity structures derived from specific integration policies, as well as national regimes of religious governance, affect the views of Muslim organisations acting in these contexts. In the Netherlands, the Muslim representatives still support a policy of multicultural integration and, first and foremost, the right to preserve their original identities. In contrast, their counterparts in Germany occasionally consider moderate forms of acculturation, including the creation of ‘hybrid’ identities, within the country that receives them. Understanding areas of concordance between immigrant and state representatives within the same national context could pave the way for more constructive and less polarised dialogue between the two groups and might serve as a model for facilitating other types of integration.
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Notes
The so-called ‘Ausländerbeiräte’, advisory boards that have been established on the local levels since the 1980s, have been criticised for their lack of influence.
The recognition of religious groups as public corporations is not decided on the federal level but by the individual Bundesländer.
In Germany organised as the Turkish-Islamic Union of the Institute for Religion (Türkisch-Islamische Union der Anstalt für Religion, DITIB); in the Netherlands as the Turkish Islamic Cultural Federation (Stichting Turks Islamitische Culturele Federatie, STICF) and the Islamic Foundation in the Netherlands (Islamitische Stichting Nederland, ISN).
In Germany organised as Islamic Community Millî Görüş (Islamische Gemeinschaft Millî Görüş, IGMG); in the Netherlands as Dutch Islamic Federation (Nederlandse Islamitische Federatie, NIF) and Millî Görüş North Netherlands (Milli Görüş Noord Nederland, MGNN).
In Germany organised as Organisation of Islamic Cultural Centres (Verband der Islamischen Kulturzentren, VIKZ); in the Netherlands as the Netherlands Islamic Centre Foundation (Stichting Islamitisch Centrum Nederland, SICN).
In Germany organised as Alevi Community in Germany (Alevitsche Gemeinde in Deutschland, AABF); in the Netherlands as Federation of the Alevi Community in the Netherlands (Federatie van Alevitische en Bektashistische Sociaal-Culturele Verenigingen in Nederland, HAKDER).
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Kortmann, M. Asking Those Concerned: How Muslim Migrant Organisations Define Integration. A German-Dutch Comparison. Int. Migration & Integration 16, 1057–1080 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-014-0387-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-014-0387-8