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Fluid resistance characteristics research of nanowire rotation under a magnetic field

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Abstract

In this study, a visualization-based experiment was performed to measure the motion of the nanowire under a magnetic field. A simulation method based on a multiple reference frame model (MRF model) was used to calculate fluid torque. Here, it was validated with the experimental data and theoretical results. Fluid torque of steady rotated nanowire was simulated and compared using experiment and theoretical models. The unsteady rotated condition was studied using transient simulation to compare with theory and the results showed that the acceleration of nanowire did not affect the flow field, indicating that the theoretical models based on the steady condition were still valid. The influence of solid walls on nanowire rotation was also studied here. The results showed that if the nanowire was placed close to the wall, the viscous force of wall would increase the velocity gradient around the nanowire, causing higher torque predictions. The fluid torque decreased quickly when the vertical distance between nanowire and wall exceeded 5 times the diameter of the wire.

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Abbreviations

C :

Geometry factor of fluid torque

d :

Diameter of nanowire (μm)

D :

Diameter of simulation region (μm)

h :

Distance between nanowire and wall (μm)

h g :

Height of simulation region (μm)

H :

Magnetic strength (Gs)

l :

Length of nanowire (μm)

M s :

Spontaneous magnetization of Ni (A/m)

p :

Ratio of length to diameter of nanowire

r :

Radius of nanowire (μm)

µ:

Viscosity of fluid (Pas)

τ d :

Fluid torque (Nm)

τ m :

Magnetic torque (Nm)

θ L :

Lag angle (rad)

θ H :

Angle of magnetic field (rad)

θ W :

Angle of nanowire (rad)

ω L :

Angular velocity of lag angle (rad/s)

ω H :

Angular velocity of magnetic field (rad/s)

ω W :

Angular velocity of nanowire (rad/s)

ρ :

Density of fluid (kg/m3)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China

    Lixin Yang, Nan Zhao & Li Jia

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory of flow and heat transfer of phase changing in micro and small scale, Beijing, China

    Lixin Yang, Nan Zhao & Li Jia

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  1. Lixin Yang
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  2. Nan Zhao
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  3. Li Jia
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Yang, L., Zhao, N. & Jia, L. Fluid resistance characteristics research of nanowire rotation under a magnetic field. J. Therm. Sci. 24, 73–81 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-015-0758-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-015-0758-2

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