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Ozonation and peroxone oxidation of ethylenethiourea in water: operational parameter optimization and by-product identification

  • Advanced Oxidation Technologies: Advances and Challenges in IberoAmerican Countries
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Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the degradation and mineralization of ethylenethiourea (ETU) in water by ozonation at different pH values and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Degradation experiments were performed using an initial ETU concentration of 50 ppm for 180 min with a gas flux of 0.25 dm3 min−1 and an O3 production rate of 12.1 mg min−1. Degradation of by-products was monitored by direct injection electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), ETU concentration was determined by HPLC-UV, and its mineralization was detected by total organic carbon (TOC) analysis. Optimum degradation of ETU in water was observed at pH = 11, whereas at pH = 3, the degradation of ETU was slowest, indicating that the reaction occurred through different mechanisms. The additional effects of hydroxyl radicals formed at the highest pH can be used to explain the results obtained in this study. Peroxone experiments were carried out in the presence of 400 and 800 mg L−1 H2O2; the degradation of ETU was faster at 400 mg L−1 H2O2. This was attributed to the scavenging effect of the excess H2O2. ETU treatment by ozonation produced several by-products of degradation such as ethylene urea and 2-imidazoline.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), and the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil

    S. Bottrel, C. Amorim, V. Ramos, G. Romão & M. Leao

  2. Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil

    S. Bottrel

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  1. S. Bottrel
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  2. C. Amorim
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  3. V. Ramos
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  4. G. Romão
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  5. M. Leao
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Correspondence to C. Amorim.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Bottrel, S., Amorim, C., Ramos, V. et al. Ozonation and peroxone oxidation of ethylenethiourea in water: operational parameter optimization and by-product identification. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 903–908 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3616-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3616-y

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