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Potential use of Caulerpa fastigiata biomass for removal of lead: kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamic, and characterization studies

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Abstract

The present study attempts to analyze the biosorption trend of biosorbent Caulerpa fastigiata (macroalgae) biomass for removal of toxic heavy metal ion Pb (II) from solution as a function of initial metal ion concentration, pH, temperature, sorbent dosage, and biomass particle size. The sorption data fitted with various isotherm models and Freundlich model was the best one with correlation coefficient of 0.999. Kinetic study results revealed that the sorption data on Pb (II) with correlation coefficient of 0.999 can best be represented by pseudo-second-order. The biosorption capacity (q e ) of Pb (II) is 16.11 ± 0.32 mg g−1 on C. fastigiata biomass. Thermodynamic studies showed that the process is exothermic (ΔH° negative). Free energy change (ΔG°) with negative sign reflected the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the process. The SEM studies showed Pb (II) biosorption on selective grains of the biosorbent. The FTIR spectra indicated bands corresponding to –OH, COO−, –CH, C = C, C = S, and –C–C– groups were involved in the biosorption process. The XRD pattern of the C. fastigiata was found to be mostly amorphous in nature.

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Acknowledgments

One of the authors Mrs. B. Sarada is thankful to UGC SAP/DSA Phase-III for permission to use the AAS. K. Kishore Kumar thankfully acknowledge the financial assistance from the UGC, New Delhi (Dr. D. S. Kothari post-doctoral fellowship no. F.4-2/2006 (BSR)/13-176/2008) and also grateful to Prof. M.N.V. Prasad for providing the platform at University of Hyderabad.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, 530 003, India

    B. Sarada

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, 532127, Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

    M. Krishna Prasad

  3. Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500046, India

    K. Kishore Kumar

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India

    K. Kishore Kumar & Ch. V. R. Murthy

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  1. B. Sarada
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  2. M. Krishna Prasad
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  3. K. Kishore Kumar
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  4. Ch. V. R. Murthy
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Correspondence to K. Kishore Kumar.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Sarada, B., Prasad, M.K., Kumar, K.K. et al. Potential use of Caulerpa fastigiata biomass for removal of lead: kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamic, and characterization studies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 1314–1325 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2008-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2008-z

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