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Technologically sensed social exposure related to slow-wave sleep in healthy adults

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between automatically captured social exposure and detailed sleep parameters of healthy young adults.

Methods

This study was conducted in a real-world setting in a graduate-student housing community at a US university. Social exposure was measured using Bluetooth proximity sensing technology in mobile devices. Sleep was monitored in a naturalistic setting using a headband sleep monitoring device over a period of 2 weeks. The analysis included a total of 11 subjects (6 males and 5 females) aged 24–35 (149 subject nights).

Results

Slow-wave sleep showed a significant positive correlation (Spearman’s rho = 0.51, p < 0.0001) with social exposure, whereas light non-REM (N1 + N2) sleep and wake time were found to be negatively correlated (rho = −0.25, p < 0.01; rho = −0.21, p < 0.01, respectively). The correlation of median slow-wave sleep with median social exposure per subject showed a strong positive significance (rho = 0.88, p < 0.001). On average, within subjects, following day’s social exposure was higher when (slow-wave NREM + REM) percentage was high (Wilcoxon sign-ranked test, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Subjects with higher social exposure spent more time in slow-wave sleep. Following day’s social exposure was found to be positively affected by previous night’s (slow-wave NREM + REM) percentage. This suggests that sleep affects following day’s social exposure and not vice versa. Capturing an individual’s dynamic social behavior and sleep from their natural environment can provide novel insights into these relationships.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially sponsored by the Masdar Institute Fellowship, MIT/Masdar Collaborative Research Grant, and MIT Media Lab Consortium.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    Maryam Butt, Taha B. M. J. Ouarda & Inas Khayal

  2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 20 Ames Street, E15-386, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Taha B. M. J. Ouarda, Alex (Sandy) Pentland & Inas Khayal

  3. Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stuart F. Quan

Authors
  1. Maryam Butt
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  2. Taha B. M. J. Ouarda
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  3. Stuart F. Quan
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  5. Inas Khayal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Inas Khayal.

Additional information

This work has been presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS), Baltimore, MD.

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Butt, M., Ouarda, T.B.M.J., Quan, S.F. et al. Technologically sensed social exposure related to slow-wave sleep in healthy adults. Sleep Breath 19, 255–261 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-014-1005-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-014-1005-x

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