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Genetic diversity and parentage of Tunisian wild and cultivated grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) as revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers

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Abstract

Based on 261 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we analyzed 57 grapevine genotypes, consisting of 29 wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) prospected from the northwest part of Tunisia and 28 cultivated accessions (V. vinifera subsp. vinifera) maintained in the repository of the Arid Land Institute of Medenine (Tunisia). Pair-wise multilocus comparison with the ICVV SNP database allowed the identification of 13 cultivated genotypes, including ten synonymous groups with known Mediterranean or international varieties, three cases of color sports, and two misnomers. Genotypic analysis showed a high level of genetic diversity for both wild and cultivated groups. Multivariate and structure analyses clearly differentiated wild from cultivated grapevines and showed high average posterior probabilities of assignment to their group of origin. The clustering results largely supported the perceived classification and reflect that most of the present Tunisian cultivated varieties do not derive directly from the local wild populations but could correspond to materials introduced from different locations during historical times. Parentage analysis allowed the determination of the genetic origin of four Tunisian cultivars, “Garai”, “Jerbi” (from Kerkennah), “Mahdoui”, and “Reine de Vignes faux”, and showed that “Heptakilo” and “Planta Fina”, two old and widely distributed varieties in the Mediterranean basin, had an important role in the origin of Tunisian grapevines. The present study demonstrates the efficacy of SNP makers for germplasm characterization and genetic studies in grapevine.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by AECID (Agencia Española de CooperaciónInternacionalpara el Desarrollo, Spain) within the framework of projects A/023457/09 and A/031064/10.

We are indebted to many people for their various contributions to this research, especially to all the staff of forest services in northwest part of Tunisia for their support during collecting of wild grapevine material and Silvia Hernáiz for laboratory technical assistance.

Data Archiving Statement

All the SNP data of Tunisian grapevines used in this work will be made publicly available through DRYAD (http://datadryad.org/depositing). The data is also included in the main manuscript and in the associated supplemental data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dry Land Farming and Oasis Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, Km 22.5, Rte El Djorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia

    Sana Ghaffari & Ali Ferchichi

  2. Unité de Chimie Biologique Industrielle, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium

    Nejib Hasnaoui

  3. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, C/ Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain

    Lalla Hasna Zinelabidine, José M. Martínez-Zapater & Javier Ibáñez

Authors
  1. Sana Ghaffari
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  2. Nejib Hasnaoui
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  3. Lalla Hasna Zinelabidine
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  4. Ali Ferchichi
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  5. José M. Martínez-Zapater
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  6. Javier Ibáñez
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Javier Ibáñez.

Additional information

Communicated by G. G. Vendramin

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Ghaffari, S., Hasnaoui, N., Zinelabidine, L.H. et al. Genetic diversity and parentage of Tunisian wild and cultivated grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) as revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 10, 1103–1112 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-014-0746-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-014-0746-9

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