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Mycobiota and mycotoxins contamination in raw materials and finished feed intended for fattening pigs production in eastern Argentina

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the mycobiota and natural levels of mycotoxins such as zearalenone, fumonisin B1, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A present in raw materials and finished fattening pig feed. Samples were examined for total fungi and genera distribution. Zearalenone, FB1, AFB1 and OTA contamination were determined using high pressure liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Milled maize and finished feed samples showed fungal contamination over than 1 × 104 CFU/g. All samples contained at least one of the main mycotoxigenic genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium. A. flavus and F. verticillioides were the most prevalent species. Only some Aspergillus section Nigri strains from suckling pig to growing pig samples were able to produce OTA. A. flavus strains from milled maize, wheat bran, suckling pig to growing pig samples were able to produce AFB1. All samples were positive for FB1. Sucking pig, piglet, growing and boar feed samples showed ZEA natural contamination. AFB1 and OTA contamination were not detected. There was a 100% correlation between FB1 and ZEA contamination in sucking pig, piglet, growing and boar feed samples; 50% piglet samples and 67% suckling pig samples showed ZEA levels over the recommended limits. The present study has shown the occurrence of two mycotoxins, FB1 and ZEA in feed intended for fattening pig consumption. In animal production, the simultaneous presence of toxicogenic fungi and low dietary levels of mycotoxins in field conditions can cause possible health impacts and lost performance in pigs from feeding spoiled feeds.

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Acknowledgements

This work was carried out with grants from SECYT- UNRC, CONICET and FONCYT-PICTO. The authors thank at Mr. Jorge Liaudat for his assistance in getting the pig feed samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 km. 601, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

    Carina M. Pereyra, Lilia Renée Cavaglieri & Ana M. Dalcero

  2. Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 km.601, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

    Stella M. Chiacchiera

  3. Fellowship of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET), Río Cuarto, Argentina

    Carina M. Pereyra

  4. Member of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET), Río Cuarto, Argentina

    Lilia Renée Cavaglieri, Stella M. Chiacchiera & Ana M. Dalcero

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  1. Carina M. Pereyra
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  2. Lilia Renée Cavaglieri
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  3. Stella M. Chiacchiera
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  4. Ana M. Dalcero
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Correspondence to Lilia Renée Cavaglieri.

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Pereyra, C.M., Cavaglieri, L.R., Chiacchiera, S.M. et al. Mycobiota and mycotoxins contamination in raw materials and finished feed intended for fattening pigs production in eastern Argentina. Vet Res Commun 35, 367–379 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-011-9483-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-011-9483-9

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