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Redescription of Aphalloides coelomicola Dollfus, Chabaud & Golvan, 1957 (Digenea, Opisthorchioidea) based on specimens from Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg) (Actinopterygii, Gobionellidae) from a Black Sea lagoon, with comments on the systematic position of the genus

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Abstract

The genus Aphalloides Dollfus, Chabaud & Golvan, 1957 consists of two species parasitic in the body cavity of sand gobies. Its systematic position in the superfamily Opisthorchioidea Looss, 1899 is unresolved and it has been placed by various authors in three families, i.e. Cryptogonimidae Ward, 1917, Heterophyidae Leiper, 1909 and Opisthorchiidae Looss, 1899. Its type-species, Aphalloides coelomicola Dollfus, Chabaud & Golvan, 1957, is here reported from the Caucasian dwarf goby Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg) in the lagoon Atanasovsko Lake, Black Sea coast of Bulgaria (new geographical record). The species is redescribed based on light and scanning electron microscopy demonstrating some characters typical for the Cryptogonimidae but also characters distinguishing it from the other genera of the family such as the lack of tegumental spines and the presence of a short excretory vesicle, which does not extend into the forebody. Phylogenetic analysis of the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene suggests phylogenetic relationships of Aphalloides coelomicola with the cryptogonimid Centrovarium lobotes (MacCallum, 1895). These data support the affiliation of the genus Aphalloides to the family Cryptogonimidae. The peculiar morphology of the species in the genus is explained by their unusual life-cycles characterised by progenetic development; sand gobies being simultaneously second intermediate and definitive hosts.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Ministry of Environment and Waters of the Republic of Bulgaria for permits (NCZP-151/11.05.2012 and NCZP-168/29.04.2013) to carry out field studies in Atanasovsko Lake Reserve. The field study was based at Atanasovsko Lake Field Station of the Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; the assistance of the staff of this station as well as of Konstantin Popov and Pavel Nikolov is acknowledged. Gergana P. Vasileva and Yasen Mutafchiev provided valuable advice to the senior author in the course of the laboratory work and SEM observations, respectively. Aneta Kostadinova kindly helped in providing some of the literature sources needed. Ichthyologists Apostolos Apostolou and Velislav Zarev kindly confirmed the identification of the host species. This study was funded by the National Science Fund of the Republic of Bulgaria, Grant YS DO 02-271/18.12.2008. Facilities developed in the frames of the projects WETLANET (FP7, CAPACITIES, Grant 229802) and CEBDER (National Science Fund of the Republic of Bulgaria, Grant DO 02-15/2009) were used in the course of the present study.

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Stoyanov, B., Neov, B., Pankov, P. et al. Redescription of Aphalloides coelomicola Dollfus, Chabaud & Golvan, 1957 (Digenea, Opisthorchioidea) based on specimens from Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg) (Actinopterygii, Gobionellidae) from a Black Sea lagoon, with comments on the systematic position of the genus. Syst Parasitol 91, 1–12 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-015-9559-y

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