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Quality of life and emotional distress in patients and burden in caregivers: a comparison between assisted peritoneal dialysis and self-care peritoneal dialysis

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Abstract

Purpose

Assisted peritoneal dialysis (PD) involving caregivers allows more patients to get started on home-based dialysis with good clinical outcomes, but evidence on patient-reported and caregiver-reported outcomes is lacking. This study aimed to compare assisted PD versus self-care PD on quality of life (QoL) and psychosocial outcomes for patients and caregivers. The effect of PD modality [automated PD (APD); continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD)] in relation to self-care or assisted care was also examined.

Methods

A cross-sectional sample of 231 PD patients [142 self-care (57 APD/85 CAPD) and 89 assisted care PD (45 APD/44 CAPD)], 72 caregivers of assisted PD patients and 39 family members of self-care PD patients completed the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF), World Health Organisation Quality of Life Instrument-brief and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Caregivers and family members completed the Lay Care-Giving for Adults Receiving Dialysis questionnaire and Zarit Burden Interview.

Results

Case-mix-adjusted comparisons indicated comparable QoL in all dimensions with the exception of physical SF-12 (p = .001) and the KDQOL effects of kidney disease in favour of self-care PD. Levels of anxiety (9.72 ± 4.90; 8.25 ± 5.22) and depression (8.63 ± 3.80; 6.35 ± 4.76) were equivalent in assisted PD and self-care PD, respectively. Assisted PD caregivers reported more task-orientated duties (p = .007), yet levels of perceived burden were equal to those reported by family members of self-care PD.

Conclusion

Our findings of mostly comparable patient and caregiver outcomes in assisted PD and self-care PD suggest that caregiver burden and QoL should not be a barrier to using assisted PD.

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Acknowledgments

The study was funded by grants from NUS cross-faculty research Fund and NUS Academic Research Fund (start-up) [FY2007-FRC5-006] and conducted with the help and support of staff of the specialist PD clinics in Singapore General Hospital. The authors would also like to thank all patients, family members and Dr. Tonia Griva for their support for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, 9 Arts Link AS402/28, Singapore, 117570, Singapore

    K. Griva, C. S. Goh, W. C. A. Kang & Z. L. Yu

  2. Health Services Research Group, City University, London, UK

    K. Griva

  3. Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

    M. C. Chan, S. Y. Wu, T. Krishnasamy & M. Foo

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  1. K. Griva
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  2. C. S. Goh
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  3. W. C. A. Kang
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Correspondence to K. Griva.

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Griva, K., Goh, C.S., Kang, W.C.A. et al. Quality of life and emotional distress in patients and burden in caregivers: a comparison between assisted peritoneal dialysis and self-care peritoneal dialysis. Qual Life Res 25, 373–384 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1074-8

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