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In-cloud and below-cloud scavenging of aerosol ionic species over a tropical rural atmosphere in India

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Abstract

The temporal variation in concentrations of major water soluble ionic species has been studied from several rain events occurred over Gadanki (13.5 °N, 79.2 °E), located in tropical semi arid region in southern India. The contribution from rain-out (in cloud) and wash-out (below cloud) processes to the total removal of ionic species by rain events is also estimated using the pattern of variations of ionic species within an individual event. A number of rain samples were collected from each rain event during June–November in 2006, 2007 and 2008. On average, nearly 20% of the total NH +4 and non-sea SO 2−4 is removed by in-cloud scavenging, suggesting that their removal by “below cloud” washout is relatively dominant. In contrast Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NO −3 and sea-SO 2−4 are mainly removed by below-cloud scavenging or wash-out process. A significant variation in the acidity was observed within rain events with successive precipitation showing higher acidity at the final stage of the precipitation due to partial neutralization of non-sea SO 2−4 . Overall, greater influence of both terrestrial and anthropogenic sources is recorded in the rain events compared to that from marine sources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, India

    Abhijit Chatterjee, Achutan Jayaraman & T. Narayana Rao

  2. Environmental Sciences Section, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India

    Sibaji Raha

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  1. Abhijit Chatterjee
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  2. Achutan Jayaraman
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  3. T. Narayana Rao
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  4. Sibaji Raha
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Correspondence to Abhijit Chatterjee.

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Chatterjee, A., Jayaraman, A., Rao, T.N. et al. In-cloud and below-cloud scavenging of aerosol ionic species over a tropical rural atmosphere in India. J Atmos Chem 66, 27–40 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-011-9190-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-011-9190-5

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