Abstract
Land managers of wetlands face various challenges emerging from climate change. Exploration of these problems is a prerequisite to developing adaptive management of vulnerable areas. Central and Eastern European countries are highly vulnerable to climate change. The Balaton Uplands National Park, an attractive tourist destination with natural values of high national and community importance, has suffered the greatest extremities in precipitation in Hungary during 2010 and 2011. After identification of stakeholder groups, private landowners and land managers as being most likely affected by climate change were interviewed in the national park. A compilation of the most important land use problems that already have influence on the management of protected wetlands was listed. Land managers connect several problems to weather extremities and long-term changes, but take practically no actions in favor of mitigation or adaptation, or strengthening resilience. As there is strong evidence that wet habitats are becoming more sensitive and vulnerable, land managers have to adapt their objectives, strategies and measures to changing climate and be involved in the process of adapting the management measures of protected areas, especially wetlands, to probable effects of climate change.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bartholy J, Pongrácz R (2010) Analysis of precipitation conditions for the Carpathian Basin based on extreme indices in the 20th century and climate simulations for 2050 and 2100. Phys Chem Earth A B C 35(1–2):43–51
Berry PM, Rounsevell MDA, Harrison PA, Audsley E (2006) Assessing the vulnerability of agricultural land use and species to climate change and the role of policy in facilitating adaptation. Environ Sci Pol 9:189–204
Dwayne RB, Mertens DR (1995) Quality related charasteristics of forages. In: Barnes RF et al (eds) Forages, The science of grassland agriculture. Iowa State University Press, Ames, pp 83–96
Erwin KL (2009) Wetlands and global climate change: the role of wetland restoration in a changing world. Wetl Ecol Manag 17(1):71–84
European Environmental Agency (2004) Impacts of Europe’s changing climate. An indicator based assessment. EEA Technical Report 2/2004, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen
Fürst C, König H, Pietzsch K, Ende H, Makeschin F (2010) Pimp your landscape—a generic approach for integrating regional stakeholder needs into land use planning. Ecol Soc 15(3):34, http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss3/art34/. Accessed 2 Feb 2011
George G (ed) (2010) The Impact of Climate Change on European Lakes. Aquat Ecol Ser 4:1–13
Gill M, Beever DE, Osbounr DF (1989) The feeding value of grass and grass products. In: Holmes W (ed) Grass, its production and utilization. Blackwell, London, pp 89–129
Heller NE, Zavaleta ES (2009) Biodiversity management in the face of climate change: a review of 22 years of recommendations. Biol Conserv 142:14–32
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001) Third assessment report on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York
Jolánkai M, Gyuricza Cs, Tarnawa Á, Pósa B, Birkás M (2012) A drought assessment survey of Hungarian soils. Proc. 47th Croatian and 7th Internat. Symposium on Agriculture, Opatija, 492–496
Leech B (2002) Asking questions: techniques for semistructured interviews. Polit Sci Polit 35(4):665–668
Luoto M, Pykälä J, Kuussaari M (2003) Decline of landscape-scale habitat and species diversity after the end of cattle grazing. J Nat Conserv 11:171–178
Mitchley J, Xofis P (2005) Landscape structure and management regime as indicators of calcareous grassland habitat condition and species diversity. J Nat Conserv 13:171–183
Nõges P, Kangur K, Nõges T et al (2008) Highlights of large lake research and management in Europe. Hydrobiologia 599(1):259–276
Parmesan C, Yohe G (2003) A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature 421:37–42
Peco B, Sánchez AM, Azcárate FM (2006) Abandonment in grazing systems: consequences for vegetation and soil. Agric Ecosyst Environ 113:284–294
Penksza K, Barczi A, Néráth M, Pintér B (2003) Hasznosítási változások következtében kialakult regenerációs esélyek a Tihanyi-félsziget gyepeiben az 1994 és 2002 közötti időszakban. [Regeneration potentials due to changes in use of grassalnds in the Tihany Peninsula between 1994 and 2002—in Hungarian] Növényterm. Plant Prod 52:167–184
Penksza K, Szentes SZ, Házi J et al (2009) Grassland management and nature conservation in natural grasslands of the Balaton Uplands National Park, Hungary. Grassl Sci Euro 15:512–515
Pullin AS, Báldi A, Can OE et al (2009) Conservation focus on Europe: major conservation policy issues that need to be informed by conservation science. Conserv Biol 23:818–824
Reed MS, Graves A, Dandy N et al (2009) Who’s in and why? A typology of stakeholder analysis methods for natural resource management. J Environ Manag 90:1933–1949. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.001
Robinson RA, Sutherland WJ (2002) Post-war changes in arable farming and biodiversity in Great Britain. J Appl Ecol 39:157–176
Ryan GW, Bernard H (2003) Techniques to identify themes. Field Methods 15:85–109. doi:10.1177/1525822X02239569
Sala OE (1988) The effect of herbivory on vegetation structure. In: Werger MJA, van der Aart PJM, During HJ, Verhoeven JTA (eds) Plant form and vegetation structure. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, pp 317–330
Sala OE, Lauenroth WK, McNaughton SJ et al (1996) Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in grasslands. In: Mooney HA, Cushman JH, Medina E et al (eds) Functional roles of biodiversity: a global perspective. Wiley, Chichester, pp 129–149
Sendzimir J, Magnuszewski P, Flachner Z et al (2007) Assessing the resilience of a river management regime: informal learning in a shadow network in the Tisza River Basin. Ecol Soc 13(1):11, http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss1/art11/
Tscharntke T, Klein AM, Kruess A et al (2005) Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity—ecosystem service management. Ecol Lett 8:857–874
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (2009) Guidance on water and adaptation to climate change. http://www.unece.org/env/documents/2009/Wat/mp_wat/ECE_MP.WAT_30_E.pdf. Accessed 6 Feb 2011
Werners SE, Matczak P, Flachner Z (2010) Individuals matter: exploring strategies of individuals to change the water policy for the Tisza River in Hungary. Ecol Soc 15(2):24–41, http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss2/art24/
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the key informants for this study, especially the managers of the Balaton Uplands National Park and the land owners and farmers who shared their knowledge and devoted their time to this work. Our study was supported by the HABIT-CHANGE project, implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE program co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This study was funded by the HABIT-CHANGE project, implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE program co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Malatinszky, Á., Ádám, S., Falusi, E. et al. Climate change related land use problems in protected wetlands: a study in a seriously affected Hungarian area. Climatic Change 118, 671–682 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0689-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0689-9