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Microsatellite evidence of invasion and rapid spread of divergent New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) clones in the Snake River basin, Idaho, USA

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Abstract

We used microsatellites to assess genetic diversity and spatial structuring of the invasive apomictic New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) in the initial focal area of its recent North American invasion, a portion of the upper Snake River basin (Idaho) that is segmented by a series of hydropower dams. Thirty-four samples (812 total snails) from a 368 km reach of this drainage were genotyped for six loci. Sixty-five distinct clones were detected and grouped into four divergent clusters based on chord distances. Genetic structuring of populations was generally low. Our results indicate that the founding population(s) of this invasion was composed of a small number of putative clonal lineages which spread rapidly within this fragmented watershed owing to the enhanced dispersal ability of these parthenogens. The substantial genetic variation documented in this study suggests that caution should be used in the application of biological control measures for this pest species.

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Acknowledgments

Barry Bean and Mike Stephenson (IPC) provided a large amount of field assistance. Mike Radko (IPC) calculated the stream distances between sampling sites and Molly Ryan (Smithsonian Institution) assisted with preparation of the figures. Tom Quinn (University of Denver) and Sara Oyler-McCance (United States Geological Survey) generously shared bench space and equipment in the Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics. This project was supported (in part) by a contract (to RH) from the Idaho Power Company (Award #1600).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, NHB W-305, MRC 163, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA

    Robert Hershler

  2. Department of Biology, Metropolitan State College of Denver, Denver, CO, 80217, USA

    Hsiu-Ping Liu

  3. Orma J. Smith Museum of Natural History, Albertson College of Idaho, Caldwell, ID, 83605-4432, USA

    William H. Clark

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  1. Robert Hershler
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  2. Hsiu-Ping Liu
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  3. William H. Clark
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Correspondence to Robert Hershler.

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Hershler, R., Liu, HP. & Clark, W.H. Microsatellite evidence of invasion and rapid spread of divergent New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) clones in the Snake River basin, Idaho, USA. Biol Invasions 12, 1521–1532 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-009-9564-7

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