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Health Outcomes of HIV-Infected People with Mental Illness

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Abstract

Improving outcomes for people with HIV and mental illness will be critical to meeting the goals of the US National HIV/AIDS Strategy. In a retrospective analysis of the 2008–2010 cycles of the locally representative Philadelphia Medical Monitoring Project, we compared the proportions of HIV-infected adults with and without mental illness: (1) retained in care (≥2 primary HIV visits separated by ≥90 days in a 12-month period); (2) prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART) at any point in a 12-month period; and (3) virally suppressed (HIV-1 RNA ≤200 copies/mL at the last measure in the 12-month period). Multivariable regression assessed associations between mental illness and the outcomes, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, insurance, alcohol abuse, injection drug use, CD4 count, and calendar year. Of 730 HIV-infected persons, representative of 9409 persons in care for HIV in Philadelphia, 49.0 % had mental illness. In adjusted analyses, there were no significant differences in retention (91.3 vs. 90.3 %; AOR 1.30, 95 % CI 0.63–2.56) and prescription of ART (83.2 vs. 88.7 %; AOR 0.79, 95 % CI 0.49–1.25) between those with and without mental illness. However, mentally ill patients were less likely to achieve viral suppression than those without mental illness (65.9 vs. 74.4 %; AOR 0.64, 95 % CI 0.46–0.90). These findings argue for the need to optimize ART adherence in this population.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge the staff of the Philadelphia Department of Health AIDS Activities Coordinating Office including Jane Baker, Coleman Terrell and Mark Shpaner. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (K23-MH097647 to BRY), the Penn Mental Health AIDS Research Center (P30-MH097488), the Penn Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI 045008), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PS13-130202 #U62/003959 to KAB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1021 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Baligh R. Yehia, Robert Gross & Kathleen A. Brady

  2. Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Baligh R. Yehia & Robert Gross

  3. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Alisa J. Stephens-Shield, Lynne Taylor, Robert Gross & Karen Glanz

  4. Department of Medicine, Drexel University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Florence Momplaisir

  5. Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Benoit Dubé

  6. Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Karen Glanz

  7. Department of Public Health, AIDS Activities Coordinating Office, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Kathleen A. Brady

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  1. Baligh R. Yehia
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  2. Alisa J. Stephens-Shield
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  8. Kathleen A. Brady
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Correspondence to Baligh R. Yehia.

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Yehia, B.R., Stephens-Shield, A.J., Momplaisir, F. et al. Health Outcomes of HIV-Infected People with Mental Illness. AIDS Behav 19, 1491–1500 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1080-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1080-4

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