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Comparative study of toxic chlorophenolic compounds generated in various bleaching sequences of wheat straw pulp

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Abstract

This study compared the chlorophenolic compounds generated during the bleaching of wheat straw pulp. The six different bleaching sequences used in present study were: (i) chlorine-extraction-hypo (CEH); (ii) persulphate-peroxide-chlorine-extraction-hypo (Px-P-CEH); (iii) oxygen-chlorine-extraction-hypo (OCEH); (iv) chlorine dioxide-extraction-chlorine dioxide (DED); (v) persulphate-peroxide-chlorine dioxide-extraction-chlorine dioxide (Px-P-DED); and (vi) oxygen-chlorine dioxide-extraction-chlorine dioxide (ODED) bleaching. The concentrations of a large number of identified chlorophenolic compounds often exceed their threshold concentrations in CEH effluent. Therefore, the untreated effluent generated from the CEH bleaching sequence of wheat straw pulp can be considered toxic. Prebleaching (PxP) reduces the generation of chlorophenolic compounds by 36 % in the (PxP)CEH sequence. Oxygen prebleaching reduces the generation of chlorophenolic compounds by 86 % in the OCEH bleaching effluent. The PxP also reduces the generation of chlorophenolic compounds by 46 % in the (PxP)DED bleaching sequence and oxygen delignification substantially reduces the generation of the compounds by 78 %.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Roorkee, 247001, India

    Rachna Malhotra, Divya Prakash & Satish Kumar

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, South Korea

    Sudheer Kumar Shukla & Taesung Kim

  3. SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, South Korea

    Taesung Kim

  4. Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, A-B Road, Raghogarh, Guna, Madhya Pradesh, 473226, India

    N. J. Rao

Authors
  1. Rachna Malhotra
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  2. Divya Prakash
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  3. Sudheer Kumar Shukla
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  4. Taesung Kim
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  5. Satish Kumar
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  6. N. J. Rao
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Correspondence to Sudheer Kumar Shukla.

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Malhotra, R., Prakash, D., Shukla, S.K. et al. Comparative study of toxic chlorophenolic compounds generated in various bleaching sequences of wheat straw pulp. Clean Techn Environ Policy 15, 999–1011 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-013-0578-6

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