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Assessing the variability of Brazilian Vaccinia virus isolates from a horse exanthematic lesion: coinfection with distinct viruses

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Abstract

During the last bovine vaccinia (BV) outbreaks, several Vaccinia virus (VACV) strains were isolated and characterised, revealing significant polymorphisms between strains, even within conserved genes. Although the epidemiology of VACV has been studied in BV outbreaks, there is little data about the circulation of the Brazilian VACV isolates. This study describes the genetic and biological characterisation of two VACV isolates, Pelotas 1 virus (P1V) and Pelotas 2 virus (P2V), which were obtained concomitantly from a horse affected by severe cutaneous disease. Despite being isolated from the same exanthematic clinical sample, P1V and P2V showed differences in their plaque phenotype and in one-step growth curves. Moreover, P1V and P2V presented distinct virulence profiles in a BALB/c mouse model, as observed with other Brazilian VACV isolates. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of four different genes demonstrated that the isolates are segregated in different VACV clusters. Our results raise interesting questions about the diversity of VACV isolates in Brazil.

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Acknowledgements

We thank João Rodrigues dos Santos, Ângela Sana Lopes, Ilda Gama and colleagues from the Laboratório de Vírus for their invaluable technical support.

Financial support was provided by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA). The study sponsors had no involvement in the study design, the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Conflict of interest statement

“None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organisations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Vírus, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, CEP: 31270-901

    Rafael K. Campos, Betânia P. Drumond, Pedro A. Alves, Larissa Siqueira-Lima, Felipe L. Assis, Giliane S. Trindade, Cláudio A. Bonjardim, Paulo C. Ferreira, Erna G. Kroon & Jônatas S. Abrahão

  2. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP: 97105-900

    Mário C. S. Brum, Rudi Weiblen & Eduardo F. Flores

  3. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Centro, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-610

    Carlos E. W. Nogueira

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  1. Rafael K. Campos
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Correspondence to Jônatas S. Abrahão.

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Campos, R.K., Brum, M.C.S., Nogueira, C.E.W. et al. Assessing the variability of Brazilian Vaccinia virus isolates from a horse exanthematic lesion: coinfection with distinct viruses. Arch Virol 156, 275–283 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0857-z

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