Abstract
Chitin was purified from Penaeus monodon and Crangon crangon shells using a two-stage fermentation process with anaerobic deproteination followed by decalcification through homofermentative lactic acid fermentation. Deproteinating enrichment cultures from sewage sludge and ground meat (GM) were used with a proteolytic activity of 59 and 61 mg N l−1 h−1 with dried and 26 and 35 mg N l−1 h−1 with wet P. monodon shells. With 100 g wet cells of proteolytic bacteria per liter, protein removal was obtained in 42 h. An anaerobic spore-forming bacterium HP1 was isolated from enrichment GM. Its proteolytic activity was 76 U ml−1 compared to 44 U ml−1 of the consortium. Glucose was fermented with Lactobacillus casei MRS1 to lactic acid. At a pH of 3.6, calcium carbonate of the shells was solubilised. After deproteination and decalcification of P. monodon or C. crangon shells, the protein content was 5.8% or 6.7%, and the calcium content was 0.3% or 0.4%, respectively. The viscosity of the chitin from P. monodon and C. crangon was 45 and 135 mPa s, respectively, whereas purchased crab shell chitin (practical grade) had a viscosity of 21 mPa s, indicating a higher quality of biologically purified chitin.
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Acknowledgements
This project was financed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (Bonn), grant number 0313643 in the framework of the Indonesian–German IG-Biotech Cooperation. We thank Prof. Dr. Müller von der Haegen and his team from SeaLab Wesselburen for providing C. crangon shells and for the very fruitful cooperation and many discussions. We thank Dipl. Biol. Andrea Freiberg for isolation of pure culture HP1.
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Xu, Y., Gallert, C. & Winter, J. Chitin purification from shrimp wastes by microbial deproteination and decalcification. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 79, 687–697 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1471-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1471-9