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A novel crude oil emulsifier excreted in the culture supernatant of a marine bacterium, Myroides sp. strain SM1

  • Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology
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Abstract

A marine bacterium, Myroides sp. SM1, can grow on weathered crude oil and show emulsification of it. The biosurfactant able to emulsify crude oil was excreted in culture supernatant of Myroides sp. SM1 grown on marine broth, which was extracted with chloroform/methanol (1:1) at pH 7 and purified by normal and reverse phase silica gel column chromatographies. The compound was ninhydrin-positive, and the chemical structure was elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to be a mixture of l-ornithine lipids, which were composed of l-ornithine and a different couple of iso-3-hydroxyfatty acid (C15–C17) and iso-fatty acid (C15 or C16) in a ratio of 1:1:1. The critical micelle concentration for a mixture of ornithine lipids was measured to be approximately 40 mg/l. A mixture of ornithine lipids exhibited emulsifying activity for crude oil in a broad range of pH, temperature, and salinity and showed higher surface activity for oil displacement test than other several artificial surfactants and a biosurfactant, surfactin.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the JSPS-NRCT Core University Program for providing a scholarship to S. M.; to the Marine Biotechnology Institute, Iwate, Japan, for their kind supply of weathered crude oil; and to Mr. A. Nara (Termo Electron Co.) for FT-IR analysis. We appreciate financial supports to F. K. by Nihonseimei Foundation. NMR and FAB-MS spectra were measured at the Analytical Center of Engineering, Osaka University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

    Suppasil Maneerat & Fusako Kawai

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Takeshi Bamba, Kazuo Harada & Akio Kobayashi

  3. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

    Hidenori Yamada

Authors
  1. Suppasil Maneerat
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  2. Takeshi Bamba
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  3. Kazuo Harada
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  4. Akio Kobayashi
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  5. Hidenori Yamada
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  6. Fusako Kawai
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fusako Kawai.

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Maneerat, S., Bamba, T., Harada, K. et al. A novel crude oil emulsifier excreted in the culture supernatant of a marine bacterium, Myroides sp. strain SM1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 70, 254–259 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-0050-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-0050-6

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