Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of bay leaf extracts

  • Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bay leaves (BL) (Laurus nobilis L., Family: Lauraceae) are traditionally used orally to treat the symptoms of gastrointestinal problems, such as epigastric bloating, impaired digestion, eructation, and flatulence. In this study, lyophilized extracts (both water and ethanol) of BL were studied for their antioxidant properties. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating activities were evaluated to determine the total antioxidant capacity of both BL extracts. Both extracts exhibited strong total antioxidant activity in linoleic acid emulsion. Concentrations of 20, 40, and 60 μg ml−1 showed 84.9, 95.7, 96.8, and 94.2, 97.7, and 98.6% inhibition of lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, for water and ethanol extracts, respectively. On the other hand, 60 μg ml−1 of the standard antioxidants butylated hydroxyianisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and α-tocopherol exhibited 96.6, 99.1, and 76.9% inhibition of lipid peroxidation in linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. In addition, the both BL extracts had effective reducing power, DPPH⋅ free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating activities at 20, 40, and 60 μg ml−1. The total amount of phenolic compounds in each BL extract was determined as gallic acid equivalents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Packer, Methods in Enzymology: Oxygen Radicals in Biological Systems. Academic Press, San Diego, Vol. 233, Part C, 1994.

  2. M.B. Korycka-Dahl, T. Richardson, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. 10 (1978) 209.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. D.C. Borg, in: M. Tarr, F. Samson (Eds.), Oxygen Free Radicals in Tissue Damage, Birkhauser, Boston, MA, 1993, p. 12.

    Google Scholar 

  4. B. Halliwell, J.M.C. Gutteridge, Biochem. J. 219 (1984) 3.

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. Kanner, J.B. German, J.E. Kinsella, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. 25 (1987) 317.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. L. Packer, A.N. Glazer, Methods in Enzymology: Oxygen Radicals and Antioxidants, Academic Press, San Diego, Vol. 186, Part B, 1990.

  7. B. Halliwell, J.M.C. Gutteridge, Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1985.

  8. M. Wettasinghe, F. Shahidi, Food Chem. 70 (2000) 17.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. M. Elmastas, I. Gülçin, Ş. Beydemir, Ö.I. Küfrevioglu, H.Y. Aboul-Enein, Anal. Lett. 39 (2006) 47.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. A.P. Kourounakis, D. Galanakis, K. Tsiakitzis, Drug Develop. Res. 47 (1999) 9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. E. Niki, H. Shimaski, M. Mino, Antioxidantisim-Free Radical and Biological Defense, Gakkai Syuppan Center, Tokyo, 1994, p. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  12. I. Gülçin, M. Oktay, ö.I. Küfrevioglu, A. Aslan, J. Ethnopharmacol. 79 (2002) 325.

    Google Scholar 

  13. J.L. Mau, G.R. Chao, K.T. Wu, J. Agric. Food Chem. 49 (2001) 5461.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. I. Gülçin, Toxicology 217 (2006) 213.

    Google Scholar 

  15. T. Baytop, Therapy with Medicinal Plants in Turkey. No. 3255, Publications of Istanbul University, Istanbul, 1984, p. 194.

    Google Scholar 

  16. M.S. Ali-Shtayeh, Z. Yaniv, J. Mahajna, J. Ethnopharmacol. 73 (2000) 221.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. D. Apachristos, D.C. Stamopoulos, J. Stored Prod. Res. 38 (2002) 117.

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Elmastas, L. Ozturk, I. Gokce, R. Erenler, H.Y. Aboul-Enein, Anal. Lett. 37 (2004) 1859.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Yoshikawa, H. Shimoda, T. Uemura, T. Morikawa, Y. Kawahara, H. Matsuda, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 8 (2002) 2071.

    Google Scholar 

  20. H.W. Kang, K.W. Yu, W.J. Jun, I.S. Chang, S.B. Han, H.Y. Kim, H.Y. Cho, Biol. Pharm. Bull. 25 (2002) 102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Demo, C. Petrakis, P. Kefalas, D. Boskou, Food Res. Int. 31 (1998) 351.

    Google Scholar 

  22. H. Mitsuda, K. Yuasumoto, K. Iwami, Eiyo to Shokuryo 19 (1996) 210.

    Google Scholar 

  23. P.D. Duh, Y.Y. Tu, G.C. Yen, Lebnes Wiss. Technol. 32 (1999) 269.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. I. Gülçin, I.G. Şat, Ş. Beydemir, M. Elmastaş, ö.I. Küfrevioglu, Food Chem. 87 (2004) 393.

    Google Scholar 

  25. M. Oyaizu, Jpn. J. Nutr. 44 (1986) 307.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. F. Liu, V.E.C. Ooi, S.T. Chang, Life Sci. 60 (1997) 763.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. I. Gülçin, M. Oktay, E. Kirecci, O.I. Küfrevioglu, Food Chem. 83 (2002) 371.

    Google Scholar 

  28. X.Y. Ye, H.X. Wang, F. Liu, T.B. Ng, Int. J. Biochem. Cell B 32 (2000) 235.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M.S. Blois, Nature 26 (1958) 1199.

    Google Scholar 

  30. I. Gülçin, ö.I. Küfrevioglu, M. Oktay, M.E. Büyükokuroglu, J. Ethnopharmacol. 90 (2004) 205.

    Google Scholar 

  31. T.C.P. Dinis, V.M.C. Madeira, L.M. Almeida, Arch. Biocem. Biophys. 315 (1994) 161.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. I. Gülçin, M.E. Büyükokuroglu, ö.I. Küfrevioglu, J. Pineal Res. 34 (2003) 278.

    Google Scholar 

  33. R.J. Ruch, S.J. Cheng, J.E. Klaunig, Carcinogenesis 10 (1989) 1003.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. I. Gülçin, I.G. Şat, Ş. Beydemir, ö.I. Küfrevioglu, Ital. J. Food Sci. 16 (2004) 17.

    Google Scholar 

  35. K. Slinkard, V.L. Singleton, Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 28 (1977) 49.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. R. Amarowicz, M. Naczk, F. Shahidi, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 77 (2000) 957.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. L.W. Chang, W.J. Yen, S.C. Huang, P.D. Duh, Food Chem. 78 (2002) 347.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. S. Meir, J. Kanner, B. Akiri, S.P. Hadas, J. Agric. Food Chem. 43 (1995) 1813.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. A.T. Diplock, Free Radical Res. 27 (1997) 511.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. J. Baumann, G. Wurn, V. Bruchlausen, Naunyn- Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 308 (1979) 27.

    Google Scholar 

  41. J.R. Soares, T.C.P. Dins, A.P. Cunha, L.M. Ameida, Free Radical Res. 26 (1997) 469.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Z.I. Fatimah, Z. Zaiton, M. Jamaludin, M.T. Gapor, M.I. Nafeeza, O. Khairul, in: L. Packer, S.H. Ong (Eds.), Biological Oxidants and Antioxidants: Molecular Mechanism and Health Effects, Illinois, AOCS Press, Champaign, 1998, Chapter 22.

    Google Scholar 

  43. F. Yamaguchi, T. Ariga, Y. Yoshimira, H. Nakazawa, J. Agricult. Food Chem. 48 (2000) 80.

    Google Scholar 

  44. B. Halliwell, Am. J. Med. 91 (1991) 14.

    Google Scholar 

  45. M.H. Gordon, in: B.J.F. Hudson (Ed.), Food Antioxidants, Elsevier, London, New York, 1990, p. 1.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  46. T. Hatano, R. Edamatsu, A. Mori, Y. Fujita, E. Yasuhara, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37 (1989) 2016.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. M. Tanaka, C.W. Kuei, Y. Nagashima, T. Taguchi, Nippon Suisan Gakk 54 (1998) 1409.

    Google Scholar 

  48. G.C. Yen, P.D. Duh, C.L. Tsai, J. Agricult. Food Chem. 41 (1993) 67.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Science and Arts, 60240, Tokat, Turkey

    M. Elmastaş, Ö. Işildak & K. İbaoğlu

  2. Department of Chemistry, Atatürk University, Faculty of Science and Arts, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey

    İ. Gülçin & Ö. İ. Küfrevioğlu

  3. Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt

    H. Y. Aboul-Enein

Authors
  1. M. Elmastaş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. İ. Gülçin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ö. Işildak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ö. İ. Küfrevioğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. K. İbaoğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. H. Y. Aboul-Enein
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Elmastaş.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Elmastaş, M., Gülçin, İ., Işildak, Ö. et al. Radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of bay leaf extracts. JICS 3, 258–266 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03247217

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03247217

Keyword

Search

Navigation