Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Free radicals and lipid peroxidation in ethanol- or aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study the role of free radicals and lipid peroxidation as mediators of chemically induced mucosal damage was investigated. Two enzymatic antioxidants, superoxide dismutase or catalase injected intravenously, reduced mucosal damage either by ethanol or aspirin. Of six nonenzymatic antioxidants, given in a wide dose range subcutaneously 30 min before intragastric administration of absolute ethanol, only propyl gallate decreased mucosal damage, while four of the antioxidants tested against aspirin were protective. These nonenzymatic antioxidants were antisecretory in the pylorus-ligated rat. The concentration of conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde measured in the gastric mucosa shortly after ethanol or aspirin administration remained unchanged or slightly decreased. These results indicate that free radicals may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal injury caused by chemicals, but their mechanisms of action probably does not involve lipid peroxidation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Miller T: Protective effects of prostaglandins against gastric mucosal damage. Current knowledge and proposed mechanisms. Am J Physiol 245:G601-G623, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  2. Freeman BA, Crapo JD: Biology of disease. Free radicals and tissue injury. Lab Invest 47:412–426, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  3. Halliwell B, Gutteridge MC: The importance of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human diseases. Mol Aspects Med 8:89–193, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  4. Boyd SC, Sasame HA, Boyd MR: High concentrations of glutathione in glandular stomach. Possible implications for carcinogenesis. Science 205:1010–1012, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kosower NS, Kosower EM: The glutathione status of cells. Int Rev Cytol 54:109–160, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  6. Szabo S, Trier JS, Frankel PW: Sulfhydryl compounds may mediate gastric cytoprotection. Science 214:200–202, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  7. Robert A, Eberle D, Kaplowitz N: Role of glutathione in gastric mucosal cytoprotection. Am J Physiol 247:G296-G304, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  8. Parks D, Bulkley G, Granger D, Hamilton S, McCord J: Ischemic injury in the cat small intestine: Role of superoxide radicals. Gastroenterology 82:9–15, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  9. Parks DA, Granger DN: Ischemia-induced vascular changes: Role of xanthine oxidase and hydroxyl radical. Am J Physiol 245:G285-G289, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  10. Parks DA, Shah AK, Granger DN: Oxygen radicals: Effects on intestinal permcability. Am J Physiol 247:G167-G170, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  11. Itoh M, Guth PH: Role of oxygen-derived free radicals in hemorrhagic shock-induced gastric lesions in the rat. Gastroenterology 88:1162–1167, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  12. McCord JM: Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury. N Engl J Med 312:159–163, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  13. Van Kolfschoten AA, Hagelen F, Van Noordwijk J: Butyl hydroxy toluene antagonizes the gastric toxicity but not the pharmacological activity of acetylsalicyclic acid in rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 327:283–285, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  14. Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Davis JP, Field SO, Hanchar AJ: Mild irritants prevent gastric necrosis through “adaptive cytoprotection” mediated by prostaglandins. Am J Physiol 245:G113-G121, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  15. Huber W, Saifer MGP: Organotein a drug version of bovine CuZn superoxide dismutase I. A summary account of safety and pharmacology in laboratory animals.In Superoxide and Superoxide Dismutase. AM Michelson, JM McCord, I Fridovich (eds). New York, Academic Press, 1979, pp 517–520

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lunec T, Dormandy TL: Fluorescent lipid peroxidation products in synovial fluid. Clin Sci 56:53–59, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  17. Recknagel RD, Ghoshal AK: Quantitative estimation of peroxidative degeneration of rat liver microsomal and mitochondrial lipids after carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Exp Mol Pathol 5:413–426, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K: Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem, 95:351–358, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bradford MM: A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  20. Comporti M: Biology of a disease. Lipid peroxidation and cellular damage in toxic liver injury. Lab Invest, 53:599–623, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  21. Szabo S, Trier JS: Pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal injury: sulfhydryls as a protector, adrenal cortex as a modulator, and vascular endothelium as a target.In Mechanisms of Mucosal Protection in the Upper Gastrointestinal Trac. A Allen, G Flemstrom, A Garner, W Silen, LA Turnberg (eds). New York, Raven Press, 1984, pp 287–293.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Watson DB, Buston R, Goldberg WJ, Santiso M, Yoshida S, Ginsberg MD: Lipid peroxidationin vivo induced by reversible global ischemia in rat brain. J Neurochem 42:268–274, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  23. Logani MK, Davies RE: Lipid oxidation: biologic effects and antioxidants—a review. Lipids 15:485–494, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  24. Szabo S, Trier JS, Brown A, Maul EA: Increased vascular permeability appears early in ethanol-induced gastric injury and is reduced by prostaglandins or cysteamine. Gastroenterology 82:1191, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  25. Szabo S, Trier JS, Brown A, Schnoor J: Early vascular injury and increased vascular permeability in gastric mucosal injury caused by ethanol in the rat. Gastroenterology 88:228–236, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ohya Y, Guth PH: Effect of ethanol on rat gastric microcirculation, Gastroenterology 88:1522, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  27. Del Maestro RF, Bjork J, Arfors KE: Increased microvascular permeability induced by enzymatically generated free radicals. I.In vivo study. Microvasc Res 22:239–254, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  28. Ley K, Björk J, Anfors KE: Permeability changes induced by oxygen free radicals. Bibl Anat 20:274–277, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  29. Tate RM, Repine JE: Phagocytes, oxygen radicals, and lung injury.In Free Radicals in Biology, Vol VI. W Pryor (ed). New York, Academic Press, 1984, pp 199–209

    Google Scholar 

  30. Ward PA, Gerd OT, Katherill JR, Annesly TM, Kunkel RG: Systemic complement activation, lung injury and products of lipid peroxidation. J Clin Invest 76:517–527, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  31. Del Soldato P, Varin L: Lipid peroxides and free radicals in indomethacin-induced intestinal lesions. Proceedings 9th International Congress on Pharmacology. London, 1984, p 158

  32. Guslandi M: Can acid inhibitors be “true” cytoprotective agents? Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 7:283–285, 1985

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts

    G. Pihan MD, C. Regillo BA &  S. Szabo MD

  2. Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 02115, Boston, Massachusetts

    G. Pihan MD, C. Regillo BA &  S. Szabo MD

Authors
  1. G. Pihan MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. Regillo BA
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Szabo MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

These studies were supported in part by a grant (AM 25229) and a Research Career Development Award (A700600) to S. Szabo from the National Institutes of Health.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pihan, G., Regillo, C. & Szabo, S. Free radicals and lipid peroxidation in ethanol- or aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. Digest Dis Sci 32, 1395–1401 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01296666

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01296666

Key Words

Search

Navigation