Skip to main content
Log in

Reevaluation of the structure-conduct-performance paradigm in banking

  • Published:
Journal of Financial Services Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the banking industry, the structure-performance relationship has frequently been evaluated with results suggesting that collusive profits occur. These studies have been criticized for inappropriately accounting for entry barriers,ad hoc assumptions concerning the appropriate structure measure, limited samples, and ignoring firm efficiency differences. We address these concerns and find categorical support for the efficient structure hypothesis, and limited support for the traditional structure-collusion hypothesis when markets are characterized by significant entry barriers. The findings suggest the competing hypotheses may actually be complementary theories, and the negative role of entry barriers may be more important than previously thought.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amel Dean F. & Keane Daniel G. State Laws Affecting Commercial Bank Branching, Multibank Holding Company Expansion, and Interstate Banking.Issues in Bank Regulation (Vol. 10, Autumn, 1986). pp. 30–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bain Joe S. Relation of Profit Rates to Industry Concentration.Quarterly Journal of Economics (Vol. 55, August, 1951), pp. 293–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bain Joes S.Barriers to New Competition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belsley David A., Kuh Edward & Welsch Robert.Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity. New York: Wiley, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benston George J., Hanweck Gerald A. & Humphrey David B. Scale Economies in Banking: A Restructuring and Reassessment.Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking (Vol. 14, November, 1982). pp. 435–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berger, Allen N., Hanweck, Gerald A. & Humphrey, David B. Competitive Viability in Banking: Scale, Scope, and Product Mix Economies. Research Papers in Banking and Financial Economics, Financial Studies Section, Division of Research and Statistics, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, January, 1986.

  • Brown, Donald M. The Relationship Between Concentration and Profitability in the Banking Industry. Unpublished manuscript, presented at the Midwest Finance Association Conference, 1985.

  • Brozen Yale.Concentration, Mergers, and Public Policy. New York: Macmillan, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burke Jim, Rhoades Stephen A. & Wolken John. Thrift Institutions and Their New Powers.Journal of commercial Bank Lending (Vol. 69, June, 1987), pp. 43–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotterill Ronald W. Market Power in the Retail Food Industry: Evidence from Vermont.The Review of Economics and Statistics (Vol. 68, August, 1986), pp. 379–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cowling Keith & Waterson Michael. Price-Cost Margins and Market Structure.Economica (Vol. 43, August, 1976), pp. 268–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dansby Robert E. & Willig Robert D. Industry Performance Gradient Indexes.American Economic Review (Vol. 69, June, 1979), pp. 249–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demsetz Harold. Industry Structure, Market Rivalry, and Public Policy.Journal of Law and Economics (Vol. 16, April, 1973), pp. 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demsetz Harold. Two Systems of Belief About Monopoly. In: Harvey J. Goldschmid, H. Michael Mann, and J. Fred Weston, eds.,Industrial Concentration: The New Learning. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Encaoua David & Jacquemin Alexis. Degree of Monopoly, Indices of Concentration and Threat of Entry.International Economic Review (Vol. 21, February, 1980), pp. 87–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evanoff, Douglas D. The Impact of Branch Banking and Service Accessibility.Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking (forthcoming, May, 1988).

  • Flannery Mark J. Correspondent Services and Cost Economies in Commercial Banking.Journal of Banking and Finance (Vol. 7, March, 1983), pp. 83–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser Donald R. & Rose Peter S. Static and Dynamic Measures of Market Structure and Performance of Commercial Banks.Journal of Economics and Business (Vol. 28, Winter, 1976), pp. 79–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale, Bradley T. & Branch, Ben S. Concentration versus Market Share: Which Determines Performance and Why Does it Matter?The Antitrust Bulletin (Spring, 1982), pp. 83–105.

  • Gilbert R. Alton. Bank Market Structure and Competition.Journal of Money Credit and Banking (Vol. 16, November, 1984), pp. 617–645.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glassman Cynthia A. & Rhoades Stephen A. Owner vs. Manager Control Effects on Bank Performance.Review of Economics and Statistics (Vol. 62, May, 1980), pp. 263–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heggestad Arnold A. A Survey of Studies on Banking Competition and Performance. In: Franklin R. Edwards, ed.,Issues in Financial Regulation. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979, pp. 449–490.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman George G. Bank Market Structure and Performance.Southern Economic Journal (Vol. 32, April, 1966, pp. 429–439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein Michael A. & Murphy Neil B. The Pricing of Bank Deposits: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis (Vol. 6, March, 1971). pp. 747–761.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kwoka John E.Jr. The Effect of Market Share Distribution on Industry Performance.The Review of Economics and Statistics (Vol. 61, February, 1979). pp. 101–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leeth John, Scott Jonathan & Dunkelberg William. Branch Banking, Market Concentration, and the Competition for Small Firm Business. In:Proceedings of a Conference on Bank Structure and Competition. Chicago: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marion B., Mueller W., Cotterill R., Geithman F. & Schmelzer J.The Food Retailing Industry. New York: Praeger, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGee John. Efficiency and Economies of Size. In: H. Goldschmid, H.M. Mann, and J.F. Weston, eds.,Industrial Concentration: The New Learning. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1974, pp. 55–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullineaux Donald J. Economies of Scale in Financial Institutions: A Comment.Journal Monetary Economics (Vol. 1, April, 1975). pp. 233–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osborn, Dale K. & Wendel, Jeanne. Research on Structure, Conduct, and Performance in Banking, 1964–1979. Research Paper 83-003, College of Business Administration, Oklahoma State University, July, 1983.

  • Peltzman Sam. The Gains and Losses from Industrial Concentration.Journal of Law and Economics (Vol. 20, October, 1977). pp. 229–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. Structure-Performance Studies in Banking: A Summary and Evaluation. Staff Economic Studies No. 92. Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. Nonbank Thrift Institutions as Determinants of Performance in Banking Markets.Journal of Economics and Business (Vol. 32, Fall, 1979). pp. 66–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. Monopoly and Expense Preference Behavior: An Empirical Investigation of a Behaviorist Hypothesis.Southern Economic Journal (Vol. 47, October, 1980). pp. 419–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. Does Market Structure Matter in Commercial Banking?Antitrust Bulletin (Vol. 26, Spring, 1981), pp. 155–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. Structure-Performance Studies in Banking: An Updated Summary and Evaluation. Staff Economic Studies No. 119. Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. Market Share as a Source of Market Power: Implications and Some Evidence,Journal of Economics and Business (Vol. 37, December, 1985), pp. 343–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades Stephen A. & Rutz Roger D. Impact of Bank Holding Companies on Competition and Performance in Banking Markets. Staff Economic Studies No. 107. Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose Peter S. & Fraser Donald R. The Relationships Between Stability and Change in Market Structure: An Analysis of Bank Prices.Journal of Industrial Economics (Vol. 24, June, 1976). pp. 251–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rose Peter S. & Scott William L. The Performance of Banks Acquired by Holding Companies.Review of Business and Economic Research (Vol. 14, Spring, 1979), pp. 18–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepard William G. Tobin's q and the Structure-Performance Relationship: Comment.American Economic Review (Vol. 76, December, 1986), pp. 1205–1210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smirlock Michael. Evidence on the (Non)Relationship Between Concentration and Profitability in Banking.Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking (Vol. 17, February, 1985), pp. 69–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smirlock Michael, Gilligan Thomas & Marshall William. Tobin's q and the Structure-Performance Relationship.American Economic Review (Vol. 74, December, 1984), pp. 1050–1060.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smirlock Michael, Gilligan Thomas & Marshall William. Tobin's q and the Structure-Performance Relationship: Reply.American Economic Review (Vol. 76, December, 1986), pp. 1211–1213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss Leonard W. The Concentration-Profits Relationship and Antitrust. In: H. Goldschmid, H.M. Mann, and J.F. Weston, eds.,Industrial Concentration: The New Learning. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1974, pp. 184–233.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Additional information

Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Evanoff, D.D., Fortier, D.L. Reevaluation of the structure-conduct-performance paradigm in banking. J Finan Serv Res 1, 277–294 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00114854

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00114854

Keywords

Navigation