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Heat-shock protein 60 kDa and atherogenic dyslipidemia in patients with untreated mild periodontitis: a pilot study

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Cell Stress and Chaperones Aims and scope

Abstract

Identification of predictors of cardiovascular risk can help in the prevention of pathologic episodes and the management of patients at all stages of illness. Here, we investigated the relationships between serum levels of Hsp60 and dyslipidemia in patients with periodontitis by performing a cross-sectional study of 22 patients with mild periodontitis without any prior treatment for it (i.e., drug naïve) and 22 healthy controls, matched for age and body mass index (BMI). All subjects were evaluated for periodontal status, gingival inflammation, and oral hygiene. Levels of circulating Hsp60, C-reactive protein (CRP), and plasma lipids were measured, and small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were indirectly assessed by determining the triglycerides/high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol ratio. We also assessed by immunohistochemistry Hsp60 levels in oral mucosa of patients and controls. No difference was found in CRP levels or plasma lipids between the two groups, but subjects with periodontitis showed, in comparison to controls, higher levels of small, dense LDL (p  = 0.0355) and circulating Hsp60 concentrations (p < 0.0001). However, levels of mucosal Hsp60 did not change significantly between groups. Correlation analysis revealed that circulating Hsp60 inversely correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r  = −0.589, p  = 0.0039), and positively with triglycerides (r  = +0.877, p < 0.0001), and small, dense LDL (r  = +0.925, p < 0.0001). Serum Hsp60 significantly correlated with the degree of periodontal disease (r  = +0.403, p  = 0.0434). In brief, untreated patients with mild periodontitis had increased small, dense LDL and serum Hsp60 concentrations, in comparison to age- and BMI-matched controls and both parameters showed a strong positive correlation. Our data indicate that atherogenic dyslipidemia and elevated circulating Hsp60 tend to be linked and associated to periodontal pathology. Thus, the road is open to investigate the potential value of elevated levels of circulating Hsp60 as predictor of risk for cardiovascular disease when associated to dyslipidemia in periodontitis patients.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by University of Palermo (funds MR and FC) and IEMEST (Istituto Euro-Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia; funds FC and AJLM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, 90127, Palermo, Italy

    Manfredi Rizzo

  2. Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Francesco Cappello, Antonella Marino Gammazza, Francesca Rappa, Giuseppe Bonaventura & Giovanni Zummo

  3. Istituto Euro-Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, Palermo, Italy

    Manfredi Rizzo, Francesco Cappello, Antonella Marino Gammazza, Francesca Rappa & Alberto J. L. Macario

  4. Departments of Periodontology, Oral Surgery and Pathology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    Rafael Marfil, Pablo Galindo-Moreno, Francisco O’Valle & Francisco Mesa

  5. Department of Periodontology, UCL Eastman Institute, University College London, London, UK

    Luigi Nibali

  6. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Everly Conway de Macario & Alberto J. L. Macario

  7. IMET, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Everly Conway de Macario & Alberto J. L. Macario

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  1. Manfredi Rizzo
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  2. Francesco Cappello
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  3. Rafael Marfil
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  4. Luigi Nibali
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  6. Francesca Rappa
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  7. Giuseppe Bonaventura
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  9. Francisco O’Valle
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  10. Giovanni Zummo
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  11. Everly Conway de Macario
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  12. Alberto J. L. Macario
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  13. Francisco Mesa
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Correspondence to Manfredi Rizzo.

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Manfredi Rizzo and Francesco Cappello contributed equally to the present work.

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Rizzo, M., Cappello, F., Marfil, R. et al. Heat-shock protein 60 kDa and atherogenic dyslipidemia in patients with untreated mild periodontitis: a pilot study. Cell Stress and Chaperones 17, 399–407 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-011-0315-1

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