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Defining Psychosis: The Evolution of DSM-5 Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

  • Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders (SJ Siegel, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Descriptions of mental illness exist throughout recorded history. However, until the mid-twentieth century, there was no standard nosology or diagnostic standard for mental disorders. This limited understanding of these disorders and development of better treatments. As conditions such as dementia praecox and schizophrenia were being described, collaborative efforts were made in the twentieth century to develop the first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). This review provides an overview of the history of psychiatric diagnosis with a focus on the history of schizophrenia as a diagnosis in the DSM. DSM-5 updates to diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia and related disorders are provided. Limitations to diagnostic validity and reliability are discussed in addition to changes in diagnostic approaches to schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in an effort to improve diagnostic validity and reliability. The DSM-5 reflects the culmination of an ongoing collaborative effort to improve the diagnosis of mental disorders, and future research in Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) will help provide convergent validity when understanding and treating mental illnesses.

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Conflict of Interest

Mahendra T. Bhati has received research support from the American Psychiatric Association for the University of Pennsylvania’s DSM-5 field trial. He has received payment for a lecture from PA Community Health Center Collaborative and research support from Medtronic, Cyberonics, NeoSync, and National Institute of Mental Health. He has provided expert testimony to Dechert, LLC, for which his institution has received financial support.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by the author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, 2nd floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Mahendra T. Bhati

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  1. Mahendra T. Bhati
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Correspondence to Mahendra T. Bhati.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

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Bhati, M.T. Defining Psychosis: The Evolution of DSM-5 Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep 15, 409 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-013-0409-9

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