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Advances in Epigenetics and Epigenomics for Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Abstract

In the post-genomic era, epigenetic factors—literally those that are “over” or “above” genetic ones and responsible for controlling the expression and function of genes—have emerged as important mediators of development and aging; gene-gene and gene-environmental interactions; and the pathophysiology of complex disease states. Here, we provide a brief overview of the major epigenetic mechanisms (ie, DNA methylation, histone modifications and chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA regulation). We highlight the nearly ubiquitous profiles of epigenetic dysregulation that have been found in Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. We also review innovative methods and technologies that enable the characterization of individual epigenetic modifications and more widespread epigenomic states at high resolution. We conclude that, together with complementary genetic, genomic, and related approaches, interrogating epigenetic and epigenomic profiles in neurodegenerative diseases represent important and increasingly practical strategies for advancing our understanding of and the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

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Acknowledgments

M. F. Mehler is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NS38902, MH66290, NS071571), as well as by the Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein, Harold and Isabel Feld, Mildred and Bernard H. Kayden, F. M. Kirby, and Alpern Family Foundations.

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No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rosyln and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Irfan A. Qureshi & Mark F. Mehler

  2. Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Irfan A. Qureshi & Mark F. Mehler

  3. Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Irfan A. Qureshi & Mark F. Mehler

  4. Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Mark F. Mehler

  5. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USAc

    Mark F. Mehler

  6. Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Irfan A. Qureshi & Mark F. Mehler

  7. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Rose F. Kennedy Center, 1410 Pelham Parkway South, Room 401, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Irfan A. Qureshi & Mark F. Mehler

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  1. Irfan A. Qureshi
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Correspondence to Mark F. Mehler.

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Qureshi, I.A., Mehler, M.F. Advances in Epigenetics and Epigenomics for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 11, 464–473 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-011-0210-2

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