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Psychologische Aspekte des Diabetes in Kindheit und Adoleszenz

Psychological aspects of diabetes in childhood and adolescence

  • Übersicht
  • Published:
Psychosomatik und Konsiliarpsychiatrie

Zusammenfassung

Die intensivierte Insulintherapie des Typ-1-Diabetes stellt an betroffene Kinder, Jugendliche und deren Familien im Alltag hohe Anforderungen, die oft nur schwer mit alterstypischen Entwicklungsaufgaben vereinbar sind. Entsprechend konstatieren aktuelle Leitlinien zur pädiatrischen Diabetologie, dass psychosoziale Faktoren die wichtigsten Determinanten der Betreuung und des Managements der chronischen Krankheit darstellen. In diesem Kapitel werden die zentralen Studienergebnisse zu folgenden Themen zusammengefasst: psychische Bewältigung, Belastung der Familie und Familiendynamik, neurokognitive Leistungsfähigkeit, Stress, psychosoziale Risiken, psychische Gesundheit und Störungen der Kinder und Jugendlichen. Anschließend werden Angebote zu psychologischer Unterstützung, altersgemäßer Schulung und verhaltensmedizinische Interventionen vorgestellt, die einen integralen Bestandteil der Langzeitbetreuung bei Typ-1-Diabetes darstellen. Abschließend werden die Bedeutung und die aktuelle Situation von Psychologen und Sozialarbeitern als Mitglieder eines interdisziplinären pädiatrischen Diabetesteams im Kontext des aktuellen Disease-Management-Programms Typ-1-Diabetes in Deutschland diskutiert.

Abstract

The intensified insulin therapy of type 1 diabetes imposes considerable demands in everyday life of children, adolescents and their families that often interfere with normal developmental tasks. Accordingly current guidelines on paediatric diabetes stated that psychosocial factors are the most important influences affecting the care and management of the chronic illness. This article reviews the main research findings from studies on psychological coping, family burden and dynamics, neurocognitive functioning, stress, psychosocial risk factors, psychological health and psychiatric disorders. In addition psychological support, age-appropriate educational and behavioural interventions as an integral part of every type 1 diabetes long-term therapy are described. Finally the vital role and the current situation of psychologists and social workers as members of the interdisciplinary paediatric diabetes teams especially in the context of the German Disease –Management Program for type 1 diabetes are discussed.

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  1. Medizinische Psychologie OE 5430, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland

    Karin Lange

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  1. Karin Lange
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Correspondence to Karin Lange.

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Lange, K. Psychologische Aspekte des Diabetes in Kindheit und Adoleszenz. Psychosom Konsiliarpsychiatr 2, 123–130 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11800-008-0109-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11800-008-0109-1

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