Abstract
Introduction
This study examined the association between sociodemographic, cancer treatment, and care delivery factors on young adult cancer survivors’ confidence in managing their survivorship care.
Methods
Survivors aged 18–39 years (n = 376) recruited from the LIVESTRONG™ Survivorship Center of Excellence Network sites completed a survey assessing self-reported receipt of survivorship care planning, expectations of their providers, and confidence in managing their survivorship care. Multivariate logistic regression identified characteristics of those reporting low confidence in managing their survivorship care.
Results
Mean age was 28 years; mean interval from diagnosis was 9 ± 8 years. Seventy-one percent reported currently attending an oncology survivorship clinic. Regarding survivorship care planning, 33% did not have copies of their cancer-related medical records, 48% did not have a treatment summary, and 55% had not received a survivorship care plan. Seventy percent identified the oncologist as the most important health care provider for decisions regarding test and treatment decisions while 10% reported using a “shared-care model” involving both primary care providers and oncologists. Forty-one percent were classified as having low confidence in managing survivorship care. In multivariate analysis, low confidence was associated with non-white ethnicity and lack of a survivorship care plan (both p < 0.05).
Discussion/conclusions
Findings suggest that provision of survivorship care plans for young adult cancer survivors can be used to improve confidence in managing survivorship care, particularly for ethnic minorities.
Implications for cancer survivors
Survivors should consider advocating for receipt of a survivorship care plan as it may facilitate confidence as a consumer of survivorship care.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Rapcho M, Neyman N, Aminou R, Waldron W, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2007. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2010. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2007/, based on November 2009 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site.
National Cancer Institute Cancer Control and Population Siences. Estimated U.S. cancer prevalence. 2010. Available from: http://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/ocs/prevalence/prevalence.html.
Committee on Cancer Survivorship: Improving Care and Quality of Life, and National Cancer Policy Board. From cancer patient to cancer survivor: lost in transition. Hewitt M, Sheldon G, Stovall E, editors, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2005.
Ganz PA. Survivorship: adult cancer survivors. Prim Care. 2009;36(4):721–41.
Nielsen J, Palshof T, Mainz J, Jensen A, Olesen F. Randomised controlled trial of a shared care programme for newly referred cancer patients: bridging the gap between general practice and hospital. Qual Saf Health Care. 2003;12(4):263–72.
Oeffinger KC, McCabe MS. Models for delivering survivorship care. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(32):5117–24.
Pritchard P, Hughes J. Shared care the future imperative? London: Royal Society of Medicine Press; 1995.
Braun T, Hagen N, Smith C, Summers N. Oncologists and family physicians. Using a standardized letter to improve communication. Can Fam Physician. 2003;49:882–6.
D’Agostino NM, Penney A, Zebrack B. Providing developmentally appropriate psychosocial care to adolescent and young adult cancer survivors. Cancer. 2011;117(10 Suppl):2329–34.
Cheung WY, Neville BA, Cameron DB, Cook EF, Earle CC. Comparisons of patient and physician expectations for cancer survivorship care. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(15):2489–95.
Crom DB, Lensing SY, Rai SN, Snider MA, Cash DK, Hudson MM. Marriage, employment, and health insurance in adult survivors of childhood cancer. J Cancer Surviv. 2007;1(3):237–45.
Maltaris T, Boehm D, Dittrich R, Seufert R, Koelbl H. Reproduction beyond cancer: a message of hope for young women. Gynecol Oncol. 2006;103(3):1109–21.
Mertens AC, Liu Q, Neglia JP, Wasilewski K, Leisenring W, Armstrong GT, et al. Cause-specific late mortality among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer: the childhood cancer survivor study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100(19):1368–79.
Odo R, Potter C. Understanding the needs of young adult cancer survivors: a clinical perspective. Oncology (Williston Park) 2009; 23(11 Suppl Nurse Ed):23–7, 33.
Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA, Kawashima T, Hudson MM, Meadows AT, et al. Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(15):1572–82.
Schover LR. Psychosocial aspects of infertility and decisions about reproduction in young cancer survivors: a review. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1999;33(1):53–9.
Duffey-Lind EC, O’Holleran E, Healey M, Vettese M, Diller L, Park ER. Transitioning to survivorship: a pilot study. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2006;23(6):335–43.
Rowland JH, Hewitt M, Ganz PA. Cancer survivorship: a new challenge in delivering quality cancer care. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(32):5101–4.
Landier W. Survivorship care: essential components and models of delivery. Oncology (Williston Park). 2009;23(4):46–53.
Ayanian JZ, Jacobsen PB. Enhancing research on cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(32):5149–53.
Klabunde CN, Ambs A, Keating NL, He Y, Doucette WR, Tisnado D, et al. The role of primary care physicians in cancer care. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24(9):1029–36. PMCID: 2726889.
Earle CC. Long term care planning for cancer survivors: a health services research agenda. J Cancer Surviv. 2007;1(1):64–74.
Earle CC. Failing to plan is planning to fail: improving the quality of care with survivorship care plans. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(32):5112–6.
Ganz PA, Casillas J, Hahn EE. Ensuring quality care for cancer survivors: implementing the survivorship care plan. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2008;24(3):208–17.
Jacobs LA, Palmer SC, Schwartz LA, DeMichele A, Mao JJ, Carver J, et al. Adult cancer survivorship: evolution, research, and planning care. CA Cancer J Clin. 2009;59(6):391–410.
Wiljer D, Urowitz S, Frasca E, Nyhof-Young J, Secord S, Walton T, et al. The role of a clinician-led reflective interview on improving self-efficacy in breast cancer survivors: a pilot study. J Cancer Educ. 2010;25(3):457–63.
Zebrack B, Hamilton R, Smith AW. Psychosocial outcomes and service use among young adults with cancer. Semin Oncol. 2009;36(5):468–77.
Roundtree AK, Giordano SH, Price A, Suarez-Almazor ME. Problems in transition and quality of care: perspectives of breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2011; (in press).
Royak-Schaler R, Passmore SR, Gadalla S, Hoy MK, Zhan M, Tkaczuk K, et al. Exploring patient-physician communication in breast cancer care for African American women following primary treatment. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2008;35(5):836–43.
Arora NK. Importance of patient-centered care in enhancing patient well-being: a cancer survivor’s perspective. Qual Life Res. 2009;18(1):1–4.
Faul LA, Shibata D, Townsend I, Jacobsen PB. Improving survivorship care for patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer Control. 2010;17(1):35–43.
Lichtenfeld L. Cancer care and survivorship planning: promises and challenges. J Oncol Pract. 2009;5(3):116–8. PMCID: 2790677.
Shapiro CL, McCabe MS, Syrjala KL, Friedman D, Jacobs LA, Ganz PA, et al. The LIVESTRONG survivorship center of excellence network. J Cancer Surviv. 2009;3(1):4–11.
US Department of Health and Human Resources, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, LIVESTRONG Young Adult Alliance. Closing the Gap: research and care imperatives for adolescents and young adults with cancer. NIH Publication no. 06–6067; 2006. Available from: http://planning.cancer.gov/library/AYAO_PRG_Report_2006_FINAL.pdf.
Litwin MS. How to measure survey reliability and validity. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 1995.
Kadan-Lottick NS, Robison LL, Gurney JG, Neglia JP, Yasui Y, Hayashi R, et al. Childhood cancer survivors’ knowledge about their past diagnosis and treatment: Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. JAMA. 2002;287(14):1832–90.
Casillas J, Kahn KL, Doose M, Landier W, Bhatia S, Hernandez J, et al. Transitioning childhood cancer survivors to adult-centered healthcare: insights from parents, adolescent, and young adult survivors. Psychooncology. 2010;19(9):982–90.
Ware Jr J, Kosinski M, Keller SD. A 12-item short-form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care. 1996;34(3):220–33.
Bashore L. Childhood and adolescent cancer survivors’ knowledge of their disease and effects of treatment. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2004;21(2):98–102.
Rosenstock IM, Strecher VJ, Becker MH. Social learning theory and the health belief model. Health Educ Q. 1988;15(2):175–83.
Nutbeam D, Harris E. Theory in a nutshell: a practical guide to health promotion theories. Australia: McGraw-Hill; 2004.
Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Hudson MM, Gurney JG, Casillas J, Chen H, et al. Health care of young adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Ann Fam Med. 2004;2(1):61–70. PMCID: 1466633.
Nathan PC, Ford JS, Henderson TO, Hudson MM, Emmons KM, Casillas JN, et al. Health behaviors, medical care, and interventions to promote healthy living in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(14):2363–73.
Cheung WY, Neville BA, Earle CC. Associations among cancer survivorship discussions, patient and physician expectations, and receipt of follow-up care. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(15):2577–83.
Epstein R, Street RJ. Patient-centered communication in cancer care: promoting healing and reducing suffering. [monograph on the internet] Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2007. Available from: http://outcomes.cancer.gov/areas/pcc/communication/pcc_monograph.pdf.
Henderson TO, Friedman DL, Meadows AT. Childhood cancer survivors: transition to adult-focused risk-based care. Pediatrics. 2010;126(1):129–36.
Mertens AC, Cotter KL, Foster BM, Zebrack BJ, Hudson MM, Eshelman D, et al. Improving health care for adult survivors of childhood cancer: recommendations from a delphi panel of health policy experts. Health Policy. 2004;69(2):169–78.
Oeffinger KC, Eshelman DA, Tomlinson GE, Buchanan GR. Programs for adult survivors of childhood cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(8):2864–7.
Zebrack BJ, Eshelman DA, Hudson MM, Mertens AC, Cotter KL, Foster BM, et al. Health care for childhood cancer survivors: insights and perspectives from a Delphi panel of young adult survivors of childhood cancer. Cancer. 2004;100(4):843–50.
Enskar K, Bertero C. Young adult survivors of childhood cancer; experiences affecting self-image, relationships, and present life. Cancer Nurs. 2010;33(1):E18–24.
Mor-Shalom M, Hahn EE, Casillas J, Ganz PA. Do survivorship care plans make a difference? the primary care physician perspective. J Oncol Pract 2009; 5: 265–266
American Society of Clinical Oncology. ASCO cancer treatment summaries. 2009. Available from: http://www.cancer.net/patient/Survivorship/ASCO+Cancer+Treatment+Summaries.
National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship, UCLA Cancer Survivorship Center, WellPoint Inc., Genentech. Journey Forward: Guiding survivors as they move ahead. 2010. Available from: www.journeyforward.org.
Penn Medicine’s OncoLink. LIVESTRONG Care Plan. 2010. Available from: http://www.livestrongcareplan.org.
Texas Children’s Cancer Center and Hematology Service. Passport for Care. 2010. Available from: http://www.txccc.org/content.cfm?menu_id=128.
Gagnon MP, Légaré F, Labrecque M, Frémont P, Pluye P, Gagnon J, et al. Interventions for promoting information and communication technologies adoption in healthcare professional. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009:1–32.
Thompson K, Palmer S, Dyson G. Adolescents & young adults: issues in transition from active therapy into follow-up care. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2009;13(3):207–12.
Ayanian JZ, Zaslavsky AM, Guadagnoli E, Fuchs CS, Yost KJ, Creech CM, et al. Patients’ perceptions of quality of care for colorectal cancer by race, ethnicity, and language. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(27):6576–86.
Friedman DB, Corwin SJ, Dominick GM, Rose ID. African American men’s understanding and perceptions about prostate cancer: why multiple dimensions of health literacy are important in cancer communication. J Community Health. 2009;34(5):449–60.
Burg MA, Lopez ED, Dailey A, Keller ME, Prendergast B. The potential of survivorship care plans in primary care follow-up of minority breast cancer patients. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24 Suppl 2:S467–71. PMCID: 2763149.
Tercyak KP, Donze JR, Prahlad S, Mosher RB, Shad AT. Identifying, recruiting, and enrolling adolescent survivors of childhood cancer into a randomized controlled trial of health promotion: preliminary experiences in the Survivor Health and Resilience Education (SHARE) Program. J Pediatr Psychol. 2006;31(3):252–61.
Mertens AC, Walls RS, Taylor L, Mitby PA, Whitton J, Inskip PD, et al. Characteristics of childhood cancer survivors predicted their successful tracing. J Clin Epidemiol. 2004;57(9):933–44.
Nord C, Mykletun A, Fossa SD. Cancer patients’ awareness about their diagnosis: a population-based study. J Public Health Med. 2003;25(4):313–7.
Manjer J, Merlo J, Berglund G. Validity of self-reported information on cancer: determinants of under- and over-reporting. Eur J Epidemiol. 2004;19(3):239–47.
Acknowledgments/support
This work was supported by grants from the Lance Armstrong Foundation for the COE Network, the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Foundation’s STOP Cancer Research Career Development Award, and American Society for Clinical Oncology’s Career Development Award. C. Crespi was supported by NIH CA 16042. K. Syrjala was also supported by NIH grant CA112631.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Prior presentations
Poster presentation at the Biennial Cancer Survivorship Research Conference: Recovery and Beyond, June 2010.
Workshop presentation at the National Latino Cancer Summit, “Cancer Survivorship,” San Francisco, CA, July 2010.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Casillas, J., Syrjala, K.L., Ganz, P.A. et al. How confident are young adult cancer survivors in managing their survivorship care? A report from the LIVESTRONG™ Survivorship Center of Excellence Network. J Cancer Surviv 5, 371–381 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-011-0199-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-011-0199-1