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Longitudinal assessment of BMI in relation to ADT use among early stage prostate cancer survivors

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Abstract

Introduction

The use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer is on the rise, but its adverse side effects may include increased fat mass and decreased lean muscle mass. The net effect of ADT on BMI is unknown.

Methods

Primary, incident cases of early stage prostate cancer (n = 473) were identified from the Buffalo VA Medical Center tumor registry and matched to body size, demographic, comorbidity, and treatment exposure data from veteran medical records. Multilevel modeling was used to assess the association between ADT and changes in BMI.

Results

On average, survivors were overweight at diagnosis and showed small, non-significant changes in BMI over time. However, among those survivors with a history of ADT, a significant decrease of 0.05 BMI units per year was associated with each additional dose of ADT (p < 0.001). When the association between BMI rate of change and ADT was allowed to vary with respect to age, additional doses of ADT predicted stronger decreases in BMI for younger survivors as compared to older survivors (p < 0.05). Neither a history of surgery nor radiation influenced the association between ADT use and BMI.

Conclusions

Declines in BMI in relation to ADT exposure may be reflective of unfavorable changes in body composition, especially decreased muscle mass, that is most pronounced in younger survivors.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

Survivors on ADT may benefit from close monitoring of physical functioning and referral for exercise interventions to preserve muscle mass and improve health related quality of life.

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Acknowledgments

This work was conducted at and supported by the VA VISN 2 Center for Integrated Healthcare and the VA Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. VISN 2 Center for Integrated Healthcare (116B), VA WNY Healthcare System, 3495 Bailey Ave, Buffalo, NY, 14215, USA

    Gregory P. Beehler, Borah Kim & Laura O. Wray

  2. School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Gregory P. Beehler

  3. VISN 2 Center for Integrated Healthcare, Syracuse VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Michael Wade

  4. Oncology Department, VA Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Lynn Steinbrenner

  5. School of Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Lynn Steinbrenner & Laura O. Wray

Authors
  1. Gregory P. Beehler
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Correspondence to Gregory P. Beehler.

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Beehler, G.P., Wade, M., Kim, B. et al. Longitudinal assessment of BMI in relation to ADT use among early stage prostate cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv 3, 233–240 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-009-0099-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-009-0099-9

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